Xie Xin-bao, Zhu Qi-rong, Ge Yan-ling, Wang Zhong-lin, Zhao Guo-chang, Wang Xiao-hong
Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2009 Dec;47(12):935-8.
Since late March 2009, a novel influenza H1N1 strain emerged in humans in Mexico and the United States. It has rapidly spread to many countries on different continents, prompting unprecedented activation of pandemic preparedness plans. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of children with the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.
Twelve cases with influenza A (H1N1) infection were diagnosed according to the criteria of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of China during 1 May to 15 July 2009 in the Pediatric Hospital of Fudan University were analyzed. Influenza A (H1N1) RNA was detected by RT-PCR in CDC Shanghai China.
All the 12 children with the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection were imported cases, aged from 11 months to 14 years 7 months, 7 of whom were boys, 5 were girls. Five cases contacted closely with influenza A (H1N1) patients; 12 cases had fever and no vomiting or diarrhea; 7 had cough or runny nose or anorexia. One had shortness of breath. Of the 11 cases who could tell about symptoms correctly, 6 had sore throat, 3 had stomachache, and none had muscle pain. Two of the 12 cases had pneumonia, and the disease in 1 of them was fatal and needed intensive care. One case was isolated and treated at home. The 11 cases hospitalized were treated according to the guidance of influenza A (H1N1) diagnosis and treatment issued by the Ministry of Health of China. Ten hospitalized cases were treated with oseltamivir. All the cases recovered completely. The median length of hospital stay was 8.1 days (range, 6 to 16), and the time of negative test results of influenza A (H1N1) RNA from illness onset to collection of samples for viral testing was from 5 to 15 days.
Symptoms among children with the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection were classic and the majority of the cases we treated had a mild clinical course if they were isolated and treated promptly. Antivirals appears to have not had any major adverse effects. More data from different regions and large samples are needed to illuminate the characteristics of children with novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.
自2009年3月下旬起，一种新型甲型H1N1流感病毒株在墨西哥和美国的人类中出现。它已迅速传播到不同大陆的许多国家，促使各国前所未有的启动了大流行防范计划。本研究旨在调查新型甲型H1N1流感病毒感染儿童的特征。
分析了2009年5月1日至7月15日期间在复旦大学附属儿科医院按照中国疾病预防控制中心（CDC）标准诊断的12例甲型H1N1流感感染病例。在中国上海CDC通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测甲型H1N1流感病毒RNA。
12例新型甲型H1N1流感病毒感染儿童均为输入性病例，年龄从11个月至14岁7个月，其中7例为男孩，5例为女孩。5例与甲型H1N1流感患者密切接触；12例均有发热，无呕吐或腹泻；7例有咳嗽、流涕或食欲不振。1例有呼吸急促。在11例能正确诉说症状的病例中，6例有咽痛，3例有腹痛，无1例有肌肉疼痛。12例中有2例发生肺炎，其中1例病情严重，需要重症监护。1例在家隔离治疗。11例住院病例按照中国卫生部发布的甲型H1N1流感诊疗指南进行治疗。10例住院病例接受了奥司他韦治疗。所有病例均完全康复。住院时间中位数为8.1天（范围6至16天），从发病到采集病毒检测样本时甲型H1N1流感病毒RNA检测结果转阴时间为5至15天。
新型甲型H1N1流感病毒感染儿童的症状较为典型，如果及时隔离治疗，大多数病例临床病程较轻。抗病毒药物似乎未产生任何重大不良反应。需要来自不同地区和大样本的更多数据来阐明新型甲型H1N1流感病毒感染儿童的特征。
