Kunz Charlotte B, Jason Leonard A, Adams Monica, Pokorny Steven B
DePaul University, Center for Community Research, Chicago, Illinois 60614, USA.
J Drug Educ. 2009;39(3):321-37. doi: 10.2190/DE.39.3.g.
Researchers are only beginning to investigate how to measure a community's readiness to engage in an intervention. In this study, we investigated the readiness of police departments to deal with tobacco policies about youth access to tobacco and youth possession of tobacco. Police officers in 24 towns completed structured interviews designed to assess each police department's community readiness to enforce tobacco sales and possession laws. Community readiness ratings were compared to outcome measures in the community, such as tobacco sales and possession enforcement activity, youth knowledge of such activities, and youth reports of smoking history. Higher readiness ratings on the youth tobacco possession enforcement scale was related to higher youth possession citation rates, higher number of youth reporting knowing someone who received a possession ticket, and a smaller number of youth reporting seeing minors smoking in their community. Youth in communities with higher possession readiness ratings in Efforts and Knowledge Regarding the Efforts had lower reports of youth reporting ever having smoked. Higher readiness ratings in the Leadership dimension of tobacco sales enforcement was related to lower tobacco commercial sales rates in the community. Higher tobacco sales readiness ratings in the Efforts, Knowledge Regarding the Efforts, and Knowledge Regarding the Problem dimensions were related to a lower number of youth reporting ever having smoked. The implications of these findings are discussed.
研究人员才刚刚开始研究如何衡量社区参与干预措施的准备程度。在本研究中，我们调查了警察部门应对青少年获取烟草和持有烟草相关烟草政策的准备情况。24个城镇的警察完成了结构化访谈，旨在评估每个警察部门在执行烟草销售和持有法律方面的社区准备情况。将社区准备程度评分与社区中的结果指标进行比较，如烟草销售和持有执法活动、青少年对这些活动的了解以及青少年吸烟史报告。青少年烟草持有执法量表上较高的准备程度评分与较高的青少年持有罚单率、报告认识收到持有罚单者的青少年人数较多以及报告在其社区看到未成年人吸烟的青少年人数较少相关。在“努力及对努力的了解”方面持有准备程度评分较高的社区中的青少年，报告曾经吸烟的情况较少。烟草销售执法的“领导能力”维度中较高的准备程度评分与社区中较低的烟草商业销售率相关。在“努力”、“对努力的了解”和“对问题的了解”维度中较高的烟草销售准备程度评分与报告曾经吸烟的青少年人数较少相关。本文讨论了这些发现的意义。
