Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012 Sep;36(9):1647-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01764.x. Epub 2012 Jun 15.
We examined the associations between selected state-level graduated driving licensing (GDL) laws and use-and-lose laws (laws that allow for the suspension of a driver's license for underage alcohol violations including purchase, possession, or consumption) with individual-level alcohol-related traffic risk behaviors among high school youth.
Logistic regression models with fixed effects for state were used to examine the associations between the selected state-level laws and drinking and driving behaviors youth aged 16 to 17 years (obtained from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS); responses dichotomized as "0 times" or "1 or more times") over an extended period of time (1999 to 2009).
A total of 11.7% of students reported having driven after drinking any alcohol and 28.2% reported riding in a car with a driver who had been drinking on 1 or more occasions in the past 30 days. Restrictive GDL laws and use-and-lose laws were associated with decreased driving after drinking any alcohol and riding in a car with a driver who had been drinking alcohol.
Restrictive GDL and use-and-lose laws may help to bolster societal expectations and values about the hazards of drinking and driving behaviors and are therefore partly responsible for the decline in these alcohol-related traffic risk behaviors.
我们研究了特定州级驾驶执照分级制度（GDL）法律和酒驾吊销驾照法律（因未成年酒精违法，包括购买、拥有或消费而吊销驾照的法律）与高中青少年个人层面的酒精相关交通风险行为之间的关联。
利用州级固定效应逻辑回归模型，研究了从青少年风险行为监测系统（YRBSS）获得的 16 至 17 岁青少年（分为“0 次”或“1 次或更多次”）饮酒驾车行为与饮酒驾车行为之间的关联在较长一段时间内（1999 年至 2009 年）。
共有 11.7%的学生报告在过去 30 天内有过酒后驾车的行为，28.2%的学生报告在过去 30 天内乘坐过酒后驾车的车辆。限制 GDL 法律和酒驾吊销驾照法律与减少酒后驾车和酒后驾车乘车行为有关。
限制 GDL 和酒驾吊销驾照法律可能有助于强化社会对酒后驾车危险的期望和价值观，因此在一定程度上导致了这些与酒精相关的交通风险行为的下降。
