Resident, Department of Orthodontics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Mar;137(3):306.e1-11; discussion 306-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.10.025.
In growing patients with skeletal discrepancies, early diagnosis, evidence-based explanations of etiology, and assessment of functional factors can be vital for the restoration of normal craniofacial growth and the stability of the treatment results. The aims of our study were to compare the 3-dimensional pharyngeal airway volumes in healthy children with a retrognathic mandible and those with normal craniofacial growth, and to investigate possible significant relationships and correlations among the studied cephalometric variables and the airway morphology in these children.
Three-dimensional airway volume and cross-sectional areas of 27 healthy children (12 boys, 15 girls; mean age, 11 years) were measured by using cone-beam computed tomography volume scans, and 2-dimensional lateral cephalograms were created and analyzed. The subjects were divided into 2 groups based on their ANB angles (group I: 2 degrees < or = ANB < or = 5 degrees ; group II: ANB >5 degrees ), and cephalometric variables, airway volumes, and cross-sectional measurements were compared.
There were statistically significant differences in the following parameters: height of the posterior nasal plane (P <0.05), pogonion to nasion perpendicular distance (P <0.01), ANB angle (P <0.01), mandibular body length (P <0.01), facial convexity (P <0.01), and total airway volume (P <0.05). No statistically significant differences between the 2 groups were found in the cross-sectional area and the volumetric measurements of the various sections of the airway except for total airway volume, which had larger values in group I (P <0.05).
The mean total airway volume, extending from the anterior nasal cavity and the nasopharynx to the epiglottis, in retrognathic patients was significantly smaller than that of patients with a normal anteroposterior skeletal relationship. On the other hand, differences in volume measurements of the 4 subregions of the airway were not statistically significant between the 2 groups.
在骨骼发育差异的成长患者中，早期诊断、基于证据的病因解释以及功能因素评估对于恢复正常颅面生长和治疗结果的稳定性至关重要。我们的研究目的是比较患有下颌后缩的健康儿童和具有正常颅面生长的儿童的 3 维咽腔容积，并研究这些儿童的研究头影测量变量与气道形态之间可能存在的显著关系和相关性。
通过锥形束计算机断层扫描容积扫描测量 27 名健康儿童（12 名男孩，15 名女孩；平均年龄 11 岁）的 3 维气道容积和横截面积，并创建和分析二维侧位头颅侧位片。根据 ANB 角将受试者分为 2 组（组 I：2 度≤ ANB≤ 5 度；组 II：ANB>5 度），比较头影测量变量、气道容积和横截面积测量值。
以下参数存在统计学差异：后鼻平面高度（P<0.05）、颏顶点至鼻根点垂线距离（P<0.01）、ANB 角（P<0.01）、下颌体长度（P<0.01）、面凸角（P<0.01）和总气道容积（P<0.05）。除总气道容积外，2 组间气道各节段的横截面积和容积测量值均无统计学差异，组 I 的总气道容积较大（P<0.05）。
下颌后缩患者的总气道容积，从前鼻腔和鼻咽部延伸至会厌，明显小于具有正常前后骨骼关系的患者。另一方面，2 组间气道 4 个亚区的容积测量值无统计学差异。
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