Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany.
J Nucl Med Technol. 2010 Mar;38(1):6-17. doi: 10.2967/jnmt.108.059584.
PET and PET/CT have changed the diagnostic algorithm in oncology. Health care systems worldwide have recently approved reimbursement for PET and PET/CT for staging of non-small cell lung cancer and differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules because PET and PET/CT have been found to be cost-effective for those uses. Additional indications that are covered by health care systems in the United States and several European countries include staging of gastrointestinal tract cancers, breast cancer, malignant lymphoma, melanoma, and head and neck cancers. Regarding these indications, diagnostic effectiveness and superiority over conventional imaging modalities have been shown, whereas cost-effectiveness has been demonstrated only in part. This article reports on the current knowledge of economic evaluations of PET and PET/CT in oncologic applications. Because more economic evaluations are needed for several clinical indications, we also report on the methodologies for conducting economic evaluations of diagnostic tests and suggest an approach toward the implementation of these tests in future clinical studies.
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）已经改变了肿瘤学的诊断算法。世界各地的医疗保健系统最近已批准对PET和PET/CT用于非小细胞肺癌分期及孤立性肺结节的鉴别诊断进行报销，因为已发现PET和PET/CT在这些用途上具有成本效益。美国和几个欧洲国家的医疗保健系统涵盖的其他适应症包括胃肠道癌、乳腺癌、恶性淋巴瘤、黑色素瘤和头颈癌的分期。关于这些适应症，已显示出其诊断有效性及相对于传统成像方式的优越性，而成本效益仅部分得到证实。本文报道了PET和PET/CT在肿瘤学应用中的经济评估的当前知识。由于几种临床适应症还需要更多的经济评估，我们还报告了进行诊断测试经济评估的方法，并提出了在未来临床研究中实施这些测试的方法。
