Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany.
J Nucl Med. 2010 Mar;51(3):401-12. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.108.059584. Epub 2010 Feb 11.
PET and PET/CT have changed the diagnostic algorithm in oncology. Health care systems worldwide have recently approved reimbursement for PET and PET/CT for staging of non-small cell lung cancer and differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules because PET and PET/CT have been found to be cost-effective for those uses. Additional indications that are covered by health care systems in the United States and several European countries include staging of gastrointestinal tract cancers, breast cancer, malignant lymphoma, melanoma, and head and neck cancers. Regarding these indications, diagnostic effectiveness and superiority over conventional imaging modalities have been shown, whereas cost-effectiveness has been demonstrated only in part. This article reports on the current knowledge of economic evaluations of PET and PET/CT in oncologic applications. Because more economic evaluations are needed for several clinical indications, we also report on the methodologies for conducting economic evaluations of diagnostic tests and suggest an approach toward the implementation of these tests in future clinical studies.
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）改变了肿瘤学的诊断算法。全球医疗保健系统最近批准了 PET 和 PET/CT 用于非小细胞肺癌分期和孤立性肺结节的鉴别诊断，因为 PET 和 PET/CT 在这些用途上具有成本效益。在美国和一些欧洲国家的医疗保健系统涵盖的其他适应证包括胃肠道癌、乳腺癌、恶性淋巴瘤、黑色素瘤和头颈部癌症的分期。关于这些适应证，已经证明了诊断有效性和优于传统成像方式的优越性，而成本效益仅部分得到证实。本文报告了正电子发射断层扫描和正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描在肿瘤学应用中的经济评估的最新知识。由于几个临床适应证需要更多的经济评估，我们还报告了诊断测试经济评估的方法，并就如何在未来的临床研究中实施这些测试提出了一种方法。
