School of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10022, USA.
G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2010 Feb;145(1):111-26.
Due to the potentially lethal nature of melanoma, prompt diagnosis and timely excision are of paramount importance. The clinical ABCD mnemonic (asymmetry, boarder irregularity, color variegation and diameter greater than 6mm) is one of the first and most widely used methods introduced to teach early melanoma recognition. Unfortunately, some melanomas can evade the clinical ABCD rule and mimic benign melanocytic nevi or mimic benign and/or malignant variants of non-melanocytic lesions. Over the last two decades, knowledge and insight have been gained into the dermoscopic primary morphology of melanocytic and non-melanocytic lesions. This has allowed for the use of dermoscopy to substantially increase the diagnostic accuracy for melanoma over clinical naked-eye examination alone. Unfortunately, even with dermoscopy, some melanomas remain difficult to diagnose. However, these difficult to diagnose melanomas often reveal subtle dermoscopic clues that allow for their correct identification. In this review, we focus on five variants of melanoma that are challenging to identify and discuss the dermoscopic features that can assist in their diagnosis.
由于黑色素瘤可能致命，因此及时诊断和切除至关重要。临床 ABCD 记忆法（不对称、边界不规则、颜色斑驳和直径大于 6 毫米）是最早也是最广泛用于教授早期黑色素瘤识别的方法之一。不幸的是，一些黑色素瘤可能逃避临床 ABCD 规则，模拟良性黑色素细胞痣或模拟良性和/或恶性非黑色素细胞病变的变体。在过去的二十年中，人们对黑色素细胞和非黑色素细胞病变的皮肤镜原发性形态有了更多的了解和认识。这使得皮肤镜检查能够大大提高黑色素瘤的诊断准确性，超过仅凭临床肉眼检查。不幸的是，即使使用皮肤镜检查，一些黑色素瘤仍然难以诊断。然而，这些难以诊断的黑色素瘤通常会揭示一些细微的皮肤镜线索，从而可以正确识别它们。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了五种难以识别的黑色素瘤变体，并讨论了有助于诊断的皮肤镜特征。
