The effect of indirect trauma on the rat temporomandibular joint.

The effect of indirect trauma to the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is analysed by means of an experimental model. The trauma, applied from an angle-glenoid fossa direction, produced injury of the TMJ. The histological data demonstrated that the impact could produce fractures of the glenoid fossa, but no hemarthrosis was observed. Trauma, both with or without fracture, caused proliferative changes in the TMJ. The glenoid fossa, the articular disk and the articular surface of the condyle were injured. Thickening of the articular surfaces had resulted in reduced joint space. Subsequently, remodelling changes in the condyle were found.