J Pediatr. 1991 May;118(5):761-7. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)80044-7.
The outcome at a mean age of 8.3 years was determined for 88 of 89 surviving children with birth weights of 500 to 999 gm who were born in Victoria in 1979 and 1980; the condition of the untraced child, severely disabled at 5 years of age, was assumed to be unchanged at 8 years. Principal impairments in the children at 8 years of age were cerebral palsy 8 (9%); bilateral blindness 6 (6.7%) and poor vision in another 4 (4.5%); bilateral deafness requiring amplification 5 (5.6%); and epilepsy 2 (2.2%). The Full Scale score of the Weschler Intelligence Scales for Children--Revised was available for 77 children: 5 scores (6.5%) were less than 71 (low IQ), and 9 (11.7%) were between 71 and 85 (borderline IQ). Severe disability in 16 children (18%) was due to severe cerebral palsy, bilateral blindness, or low IQ. Mild or moderate disability was present in another 18 children (20.2%) with borderline IQ, mild or moderate cerebral palsy, poor vision, deafness, or epilepsy. Significantly more outborn children (10/18, 55.6%) than inborn children (24/71, 33.8%) were disabled. Ten children required special schooling; reading accuracy or comprehension was at least 18 months behind chronologic age in 17 (23%) of 75 children in normal school who were tested. The 2-year assessment correctly estimated the category of disability at 8 years of age in 55 (62%), overestimated it in 24 (27%), and underestimated it in 10 (11%). For the 82 children also seen at 5 years age, the category of disability at 8 years of age was correctly identified in 69 children (84%), overestimated in 4 (5%), and underestimated in 9 (11%). Change in psychologic test scores was the principal reason for reclassifying children. We conclude that the 2-yar assessment was valuable in the early identification of most of the severely disabled children, but developmental delay at 2 years of age did not always portend intellectual impairment at 8 years of age.
对1979年和1980年在维多利亚州出生的89名出生体重为500至999克的存活儿童中的88名进行了研究，确定了他们在平均年龄8.3岁时的情况；那名未追踪到的儿童在5岁时重度残疾，假设其8岁时情况未变。8岁儿童的主要损伤情况如下：脑瘫8例（9%）；双眼失明6例（6.7%），另有4例视力差（4.5%）；需要佩戴助听器的双耳失聪5例（5.6%）；癫痫2例（2.2%）。77名儿童有韦氏儿童智力量表修订版的全量表得分：5例（6.5%）得分低于71（智商低），9例（11.7%）得分在71至85之间（边缘智商）。16名儿童（18%）重度残疾，原因是重度脑瘫、双眼失明或智商低。另有18名儿童（20.2%）有边缘智商、轻度或中度脑瘫、视力差、失聪或癫痫，存在轻度或中度残疾。与出生时即住院的儿童（24/71，33.8%）相比，出生时非住院的儿童中残疾的比例显著更高（10/18，55.6%）。10名儿童需要接受特殊教育；在接受测试的75名正常学校就读的儿童中，17名（23%）的阅读准确性或阅读理解能力比实际年龄落后至少18个月。2岁时的评估在8岁时正确估计残疾类别的有55名儿童（62%），高估的有24名（27%），低估的有10名（11%）。对于5岁时也接受检查的82名儿童，8岁时的残疾类别在69名儿童（84%）中得到正确识别，高估的有4名（5%），低估的有9名（11%）。心理测试分数的变化是儿童重新分类的主要原因。我们得出结论，2岁时的评估对于早期识别大多数重度残疾儿童很有价值，但2岁时的发育迟缓并不总是预示着8岁时存在智力损伤。
