Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universitat de València, C/Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Plant Cell Environ. 2010 Jul;33(7):1070-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02128.x. Epub 2010 Mar 1.
Potato plants were grown in open-top chambers under three ozone concentrations during two complete cropping seasons (93 and 77 d in 2004 and 2005, respectively). The effects of chronic exposure to ozone on leaf anatomy, cell ultrastructure and crop yield were studied. Severe cell damage was found, even at ambient ozone levels, mainly affecting the spongy parenchyma and areas near the stomata. Damage to the cell wall caused loss of cell contact, and loss of turgor pressure due to tonoplast disintegration, contributed to cell collapse. Phloem sieve plates were obstructed by callose accumulation, and damaged mesophyll cells increased their starch stores. Tuber yield fell sharply (24-44%), due to the biggest tubers becoming smaller, which affected commercial yield. These anatomical findings show the mechanisms of ozone effect on assimilate partitioning, and thus crop yield decrease, in potato. Further implications of ozone causing reductions in below-ground biomass are also discussed.
在两个完整的种植季节（2004 年和 2005 年分别为 93 和 77 天）中，在三种臭氧浓度下，使用开顶式气室对土豆植株进行了栽培。研究了慢性臭氧暴露对叶片解剖结构、细胞超微结构和作物产量的影响。即使在环境臭氧水平下，也发现了严重的细胞损伤，主要影响海绵组织和靠近气孔的区域。细胞壁的损伤导致细胞失去接触，液泡膜破裂导致膨压丧失，这导致了细胞的崩溃。韧皮部筛板被胼胝质积累阻塞，受损的叶肉细胞增加了淀粉储存。块茎产量急剧下降（24-44%），因为最大的块茎变小，这影响了商业产量。这些解剖学发现表明了臭氧对土豆同化产物分配和作物产量下降的影响机制。还讨论了臭氧导致地下生物量减少的进一步影响。
