Guan Bing-Qing, Luo Xue-Rong, Deng Yun-Long, Wei Zhen, Ye Hai-Sen, Yuan Xiu-Hong, Ning Zhi-Jun, Yang Wei, Ding Jun
Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2010 Feb;12(2):123-7.
To investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a representative sample of primary and middle school students in Hunan Province.
A total of 9 495 children aged 5-17 years from Hunan urban and rural schools were enrolled by a cluster sampling and a two-phase design. The students' psychiatric status was assessed using the Investigation Screening Inventory for Child Mental Disorder and a semi-structured interview designed based on the DSM-IV criteria.
The overall prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 16.22%. Attention-deficit and disruptive behavior disorders were the commonest in the diagnostic categories of psychiatric disorders (10.69%). Regarding specific disorders, the most prevalent was attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (5.95%). Psychiatric disorders were more prevalent in boys than in girls (20.49% vs 11.16%; p<0.01). The prevalence of attention-deficit and disruptive behavior disorders in boys was higher than in girls (14.76% vs 5.87%; p<0.01). The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in middle school students (12-17 years) was significantly higher than in primary students (5-11 years) (18.38% vs 14.64%; p<0.01). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders between urban and rural students.
Psychiatric disorders are common among primary and middle school students in Hunan Province. The prevalence of this disorder in boys is higher than in girls. The middle school students have higher prevalence than primary students.
调查湖南省中小学生代表性样本中精神障碍的患病率。
采用整群抽样和两阶段设计，共纳入9495名年龄在5至17岁的湖南省城乡学校儿童。使用儿童精神障碍调查筛查量表和基于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）标准设计的半结构式访谈对学生的精神状态进行评估。
精神障碍的总体患病率为16.22%。注意缺陷与破坏性行为障碍是精神障碍诊断类别中最常见的（10.69%）。就具体障碍而言，最常见的是注意缺陷多动障碍（5.95%）。男孩的精神障碍患病率高于女孩（20.49%对11.16%；p<0.01）。男孩中注意缺陷与破坏性行为障碍的患病率高于女孩（14.76%对5.87%；p<0.01）。中学生（12至17岁）的精神障碍患病率显著高于小学生（5至11岁）（18.38%对14.64%；p<0.01）。城乡学生的精神障碍患病率无显著差异。
精神障碍在湖南省中小学生中很常见。该障碍在男孩中的患病率高于女孩。中学生的患病率高于小学生。
