Kingsbury D D, Marks S L, Cave N J, Grahn R A
Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
N Z Vet J. 2010 Feb;58(1):6-10. doi: 10.1080/00480169.2010.65054.
To establish the presence of Tritrichomonas foetus, to investigate the prevalence of co-infection with Giardia spp., and determine risk factors for T. foetus infection in pedigree show cats in New Zealand.
Freshly voided faecal samples were collected from cats attending two regional pedigree cat shows in the North Island during 2006. The samples were subjected to ZnSO4 floatation; ELISA for Giardia spp.; culture for T. foetus; and DNA isolation, amplification, and sequencing. Owners were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning aspects of the cats' environment, previous medical history, and diet.
Faecal samples were collected from 22 cats from 12 separate catteries. Giardia spp. were identified using ELISA or faecal floatation in seven samples, and Sarcocystis spp. were identified in four samples. Tritrichomonas foetus was cultured from three samples, but 18 samples were positive on PCR. Two were randomly selected for representative sequencing. Basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) analysis results indicated 100% homology to T. foetus internal transcribed spacer 1. Poor faecal quality was apparent in only 8/22 samples, all of which were positive for T. foetus, and five of the eight were from cats with a previous history of chronic intermittent diarrhoea. Five samples were positive for both T. foetus and Giardia spp. Numbers of participants were too low to assess risk factors or significant associations.
This is the first report of the presence of T. foetus-infected cats in New Zealand, and the large proportion of PCR-positive samples was much greater than previous surveys of pedigree cats in other countries.
Tritrichomonas foetus infection is recognised as an important cause of chronic large-bowel diarrhoea in cats, and may be highly prevalent in pedigree show cats in New Zealand, with the potential for co-infection with Giardia spp. Diagnosis is simple, and should involve PCR for the greatest sensitivity.
确定胎儿三毛滴虫的存在情况，调查与贾第虫属共感染的流行率，并确定新西兰纯种参展猫胎儿三毛滴虫感染的风险因素。
2006年期间，从北岛参加两场地区性纯种猫展的猫中收集新鲜排出的粪便样本。样本进行硫酸锌漂浮法处理；贾第虫属的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）；胎儿三毛滴虫培养；以及DNA分离、扩增和测序。要求猫主人填写一份关于猫的环境、既往病史和饮食方面的问卷。
从12个不同猫舍的22只猫中收集了粪便样本。使用ELISA或粪便漂浮法在7个样本中鉴定出贾第虫属，在4个样本中鉴定出肉孢子虫属。从3个样本中培养出胎儿三毛滴虫，但18个样本经聚合酶链反应（PCR）呈阳性。随机选择两个进行代表性测序。基本局部比对搜索工具（BLAST）分析结果表明与胎儿三毛滴虫内部转录间隔区1具有100%的同源性。仅8/22的样本粪便质量较差，所有这些样本胎儿三毛滴虫均呈阳性，其中8个样本中有5个来自有慢性间歇性腹泻病史的猫。5个样本胎儿三毛滴虫和贾第虫属均呈阳性。参与样本数量过少，无法评估风险因素或显著关联。
这是新西兰存在感染胎儿三毛滴虫猫的首次报告，PCR阳性样本的比例远高于其他国家之前对纯种猫的调查。
胎儿三毛滴虫感染被认为是猫慢性大肠腹泻的重要原因，在新西兰纯种参展猫中可能非常普遍，并且有可能与贾第虫属共感染。诊断简单，应采用PCR以获得最高灵敏度。
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