López-Sala A, Palacio-Navarro A, Donaire A, García G, Colomé R, Boix C, Sans A, Campistol J, Sanmartí F X
Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, España.
Rev Neurol. 2010 Mar 3;50 Suppl 3:S59-67.
We sought to describe the epidemiological and clinical data from our patients in the Pediatric Epilepsy Monitoring Unit (PEMU) of the Sant Joan de Deu Hospital of Barcelona, and determine the variables of risk for mental retardation.
A retrospective review of PEMU reports and hospital discharge summaries from March 2005 to December 2008 was conducted. The data from patients with intelligence quotient (IQ) estimated, older than 3 years of age and with epileptic electroencephalography (EEG) activity was analyzed in 158 patients (8.8 +/- 5.2 years; 55.1% boys). Of those pediatric patients, 63 had IQ less than 70 and 47 an IQ greater than or equal to 70. Intractable epilepsy was present in all of them.
The percentage of the patients with mental retardation is significantly higher in patients with onset of epilepsy before 24 months (68.3%) than patients with later onset (27.7%). Onset of seizures, EEG findings and epilepsy etiology are significant risk factors for mental retardation.
Early age at seizure, multifocal epilepsy and cryptogenic etiology are factors of worse prognosis to normal development of cognitive functions in pediatric intractable epilepsy.
我们试图描述巴塞罗那圣琼·德·迪乌医院儿科癫痫监测病房（PEMU）患者的流行病学和临床数据，并确定智力发育迟缓的风险变量。
对2005年3月至2008年12月期间的PEMU报告和医院出院小结进行回顾性研究。分析了158例患者（8.8±5.2岁；55.1%为男孩）的数据，这些患者年龄大于3岁，有智商（IQ）评估且有癫痫样脑电图（EEG）活动。在这些儿科患者中，63例IQ低于70，47例IQ大于或等于70。所有患者均患有难治性癫痫。
癫痫发作始于24个月之前的患者中智力发育迟缓的比例（68.3%）显著高于发作较晚的患者（27.7%）。癫痫发作起始、EEG表现和癫痫病因是智力发育迟缓的重要危险因素。
癫痫发作年龄早、多灶性癫痫和隐源性病因是小儿难治性癫痫认知功能正常发育预后较差的因素。
