Graduate Group in Nutritional Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
J Bone Miner Res. 2010 Aug;25(8):1850-7. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.63.
We aimed to evaluate patterns of bone mineral accrual among a cross-sectional sample of female adolescent runners and girls participating in a nonendurance running sport. One-hundred and eighty-three interscholastic competitive female athletes (age 16.0 +/- 0.1 years), 93 endurance runners and 90 nonrunners, completed a menstrual and sports history questionnaire, had their height and weight measured, and underwent a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan for the measurements of body composition and bone mass. For the majority of analyses, the girls were separated into four groups according to their age (13 to 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, and 17 to 18 years). Runners' height, weight, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, lean tissue mass, number of menstrual cycles in the past year, and months of participation in a non-lean-build/variable-impact-loading sport were significantly lower than mean values for nonrunners. Although bone mass rose at all sites in the nonrunners between the ages of 13 to 14 years and 17 to 18 years, no such increase was noted in the runners. Runners compared with nonrunners exhibited significantly lower body weight and height-adjusted total body and lumbar spine bone mineral content (BMC) values and lower bone mineral density (BMD) Z-score values among the older (16 years and/or 17 to 18 years) but not younger (13 to 14 years and/or 15 years) age groups. These findings suggest that the runners, in contrast to the nonrunners, exhibited a suppressed bone mineral accrual pattern, which supports the notion that female adolescent endurance runners may be at risk for inadequate bone mass gains and thus a low peak BMD.
我们旨在评估女性青少年跑步运动员和参加非耐力性跑步运动的女孩的横断面样本中的骨矿物质积累模式。183 名校际竞技女运动员（年龄 16.0 +/- 0.1 岁），93 名耐力跑者和 90 名非跑者，完成了月经和运动史问卷，测量了身高和体重，并进行了双能 X 射线吸收法扫描，以测量身体成分和骨量。在大多数分析中，女孩根据年龄（13 至 14 岁、15 岁、16 岁和 17 至 18 岁）分为四组。跑步者的身高、体重、体重指数（BMI）、体脂肪百分比、瘦组织量、过去一年的月经周期数和参加非瘦体/可变冲击负荷运动的月份明显低于非跑步者的平均值。尽管非跑步者的所有部位的骨量在 13 至 14 岁至 17 至 18 岁之间增加，但跑步者没有这种增加。与非跑步者相比，跑步者的体重和身高调整后的全身和腰椎骨矿物质含量（BMC）值以及骨矿物质密度（BMD）Z 分数值明显较低，尤其是在年龄较大（16 岁和/或 17 至 18 岁）但不是年龄较小（13 至 14 岁和/或 15 岁）的年龄组中。这些发现表明，与非跑步者相比，跑步者表现出抑制的骨矿物质积累模式，这支持了女性青少年耐力跑者可能存在骨量增加不足的风险的观点，因此骨峰值密度较低。
