U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Peanut Research Laboratory, Dawson, Georgia 39842, USA.
J Food Prot. 2010 Mar;73(3):495-9. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-73.3.495.
A 2-year study was carried out to determine the efficacy of a biopesticide in reducing aflatoxin contamination in corn. The biopesticide, afla-guard, delivers a nontoxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus to the field where it competes with naturally occurring toxigenic strains of the fungus. Afla-guard was applied to entire fields in two areas of Texas at either 11.2 or 22.4 kg/ha. Specific nontreated fields in close proximity to treated fields were designated as controls. Samples of corn were collected at harvest and analyzed for aflatoxins and density of toxigenic and nontoxigenic isolates of A. flavus. Aflatoxin concentrations were generally quite low in 2007, but the mean concentration in treated samples (0.5 ppb) was reduced by 85% compared with controls (3.4 ppb). In 2008, samples from treated and control fields averaged 1.5 and 12.4 ppb, respectively, an 88% reduction. There were no significant differences between the two afla-guard application rates. In conjunction with the reductions in aflatoxin contamination, treatments produced significant reductions in the incidence of toxigenic isolates of A. flavus in corn.
进行了一项为期两年的研究，以确定一种生物农药在减少玉米中黄曲霉毒素污染方面的功效。这种生物农药名为 afla-guard，它向田间释放一种非产毒的黄曲霉菌株，与田间自然存在的产毒菌株竞争。在德克萨斯州的两个地区，以 11.2 或 22.4 公斤/公顷的剂量将 afla-guard 施用于整个田地。与处理过的田地相邻的特定未处理田地被指定为对照。在收获时采集玉米样本，并分析黄曲霉毒素以及产毒和非产毒黄曲霉菌株的密度。2007 年，黄曲霉毒素的浓度通常很低，但与对照相比（3.4 ppb），处理样本中的浓度（0.5 ppb）降低了 85%。2008 年，来自处理和对照田地的样本平均分别为 1.5 和 12.4 ppb，降低了 88%。两种 afla-guard 施用量之间没有显著差异。与黄曲霉毒素污染的减少相结合，处理还显著降低了玉米中产毒黄曲霉菌株的发病率。
