UMR-CNRS 7138, Systématique-Adaptation-Evolution, Equipe Biologie de la mangrove, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Département de Biologie, Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, France.
Mar Environ Res. 2010 Jun;69(5):382-9. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.02.001. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
The mangrove swamp environment constitutes a sulphide rich habitat harbouring some thioautotrophic organisms. The ciliate Zoothamnium niveum and the nematode Eubostrichus dianae, both known to live associated with bacterial sulphide-oxidizing ectosymbionts, were analysed as positive controls by Raman microspectrometry. The detection of the 3 Raman bands characteristic of elemental sulphur (S(8)) allows us to define a positive model of sulphide-oxidizing symbiotic invertebrates and by extrapolation, of thioautotrophic organisms. A fast screening using this tool was carried out on eukaryotic organisms such as hydrozoan, nematodes, annelids, copepods, and ciliate (Pseudovorticella sp.) and on free-living filamentous bacteria found on decomposing leaves in order to detect thioautotrophic organisms. The Raman microspectrometry permits us: (i) to reveal thioautotrophic metabolism of free-living bacteria (Beggiatoa sp.) and even for Archaea and (ii) to detect sulphide-oxidizing endosymbiotic and ectosymbiotic bacteria associated with the Bivalve Lucina pectinata and Pseudovorticella sp., respectively. Raman microspectrometry represents a fast, easy and non destructive technique which can be used on living organisms without constraints of sample size. The Raman analysis can also be completed by ultrastructural analysis (SEM, TEM) on the same sample.
红树林沼泽环境构成了富含硫化物的栖息地，其中蕴藏着一些硫自养生物。纤毛虫 Zoothamnium niveum 和线虫 Eubostrichus dianae 都被认为与细菌硫氧化共生体有关，它们被拉曼微光谱分析用作阳性对照。检测到 3 个特征元素硫 (S(8)) 的拉曼带允许我们定义一个硫氧化共生无脊椎动物的阳性模型，并通过外推，定义硫自养生物的阳性模型。使用这种工具对水螅、线虫、环节动物、桡足类和纤毛虫（假尾柱虫属）等真核生物以及在分解叶片上发现的自由生活丝状细菌进行快速筛选，以检测硫自养生物。拉曼微光谱分析使我们能够：（i）揭示自由生活细菌（贝氏硫菌属）的硫自养代谢，甚至可以揭示古菌的硫自养代谢；（ii）检测与双壳类 Lucina pectinata 和假尾柱虫属相关的内共生和外共生硫氧化细菌。拉曼微光谱分析是一种快速、简单、非破坏性的技术，可以在不受样本大小限制的情况下用于活体生物。拉曼分析也可以在同一样本上通过超微结构分析（SEM、TEM）来完成。
