Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2010 Apr-Jun;82(4-6):319-25. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2010.02.004. Epub 2010 Mar 3.
Dry eye (DE) is a multifactorial condition that affects the surface of the eye and induces an inflammatory response. Corneal nerves play an important role in the maintenance of a healthy ocular surface. Here we review corneal structure, nerve architecture, DE conditions, and nerve regeneration following corneal surgery and discuss how n-3 fatty acids affect the health of the cornea. Animal studies show that resolvins, compounds derived from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), increase tear volume and decrease inflammation induced by DE. After corneal surgery in rabbits, treatment with nerve growth factor (NGF) or pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF) in conjunction with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) increase nerve density and corneal epithelial cell proliferation. Increased synthesis of the novel docosanoid, neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), was found in corneas after the animals were treated with PEDF and DHA. Topical application of these lipids derived from n-3 fatty acids could be useful in treating DE and prevent clinical complications such as cornea erosion and ulcerations.
干眼症 (DE) 是一种多因素影响眼表面并引起炎症反应的疾病。角膜神经在维持健康的眼表面中起着重要作用。本文综述了角膜结构、神经结构、DE 情况以及角膜手术后的神经再生，并讨论了 n-3 脂肪酸如何影响角膜健康。动物研究表明，源自二十碳五烯酸 (EPA) 的化合物——分辨率，可增加泪液量并减少由 DE 引起的炎症。在兔角膜手术后，用神经生长因子 (NGF) 或色素上皮衍生因子 (PEDF) 联合二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA) 治疗可增加神经密度和角膜上皮细胞增殖。在用 PEDF 和 DHA 治疗后，在动物的角膜中发现了新型二十二碳六烯酸神经保护素 D1 (NPD1) 的合成增加。这些源自 n-3 脂肪酸的脂质的局部应用可能对治疗 DE 有用，并预防角膜侵蚀和溃疡等临床并发症。
