National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Sleep Med. 2010 Apr;11(4):386-92. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2009.09.009. Epub 2010 Mar 3.
The present study examined how sleep duration and sleep quality are associated with cognitive performance in 8-year-old children using standardized neurocognitive tests.
Two hundred ninety children aged 7.4-8.8years participated in the study. Sleep duration and quality were measured using actigraphs and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Parents. Cognitive performance was measured using four subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III, the Beery Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI), and the Narrative memory subtest of the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment for Children.
When adjusting for age, sex, and maternal education, shorter sleep duration, but not sleep quality, was associated with lower visuospatial abilities (p-values 0.043). Sleep duration and quality were not associated with verbal abilities (p-values0.18). With regard to the individual test results, shorter sleep duration was associated with worse performance in Visual-Motor Integration (p=0.028), and when excluding children with high depression scores the same was also true with Block Design (p-values0.047). Moreover, poor sleep efficiency was associated with worse performance in Similarities (p=0.004).
In a community sample of 8-year-old children, those who slept less or had poorer sleep quality had lower test scores in cognitive tasks, particularly those pertaining to visuospatial performance, although the association was not very strong.
本研究使用标准化神经认知测试，考察了 8 岁儿童的睡眠时长和睡眠质量与认知表现之间的关系。
本研究共纳入 290 名 7.4-8.8 岁的儿童。使用活动记录仪和父母睡眠障碍量表来测量睡眠时长和睡眠质量。使用韦氏儿童智力量表 III 的四个子测验、比内视觉运动整合测验（VMI）和儿童发展神经心理评估的叙事记忆子测验来测量认知表现。
在调整年龄、性别和母亲教育程度后，较短的睡眠时长与较低的视空间能力相关（p 值为 0.043），但睡眠质量与视空间能力无关（p 值为 0.18）。对于个体测试结果，较短的睡眠时长与视觉运动整合测试的表现较差相关（p=0.028），而当排除抑郁得分较高的儿童后，这种相关性在积木设计测试中也成立（p 值为 0.047）。此外，睡眠效率差与相似性测试的表现较差相关（p=0.004）。
在社区 8 岁儿童样本中，睡眠时长较短或睡眠质量较差的儿童在认知任务中的测试分数较低，特别是在涉及视空间表现的任务中，尽管关联不是很强。
