Department of Anesthesiology, S. Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Minerva Anestesiol. 2010 Mar;76(3):215-28.
Inhalation agents represent a basic drug used in modern balanced anesthesia. In the present review, the pharmacokinetics, effectiveness and clinical effects of inhalation agents on different systems are discussed. Data concerning the metabolism and related toxicity of halogenated agents is reviewed, with particular regard to the problem of chronic exposure to traces of anesthetic gases in the operating room. The cardioprotective effect of halogenated agents and the actual role of nitrous oxide and xenon are discussed. The different mechanisms of action of the inhalation agents and the evolution from a unitary theory of inhaled anesthetics to a multiple mechanism concept are presented.
吸入剂是现代平衡麻醉中使用的基本药物。在本综述中，讨论了吸入剂对不同系统的药代动力学、有效性和临床效果。回顾了卤代药物的代谢和相关毒性的数据，特别关注在手术室中慢性暴露于痕量麻醉气体的问题。讨论了卤代药物的心脏保护作用以及氧化亚氮和氙气的实际作用。介绍了吸入剂的不同作用机制以及从单一吸入麻醉剂理论到多种机制概念的演变。
