Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2011 Apr;15(3):324-32. doi: 10.1007/s10995-010-0578-7.
The majority of women gain more weight during pregnancy than what is recommended. Since gestational weight gain is related to short and long-term maternal health outcomes, it is important to identify women at greater risk of not adhering to guidelines. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between body image and gestational weight gain. The Body Image Assessment for Obesity tool was used to measure ideal and current body sizes in 1,192 women participating in the Pregnancy, Infection and Nutrition Study. Descriptive and multivariable techniques were used to assess the effects of ideal body size and discrepancy score (current-ideal body sizes), which reflected the level of body dissatisfaction, on gestational weight gain. Women who preferred to be thinner had increased risk of excessive gain if they started the pregnancy at a BMI ≤26 kg/m(2) but a decreased risk if they were overweight or obese. Comparing those who preferred thin body silhouettes to those who preferred average size silhouettes, low income women had increased risk of inadequate weight gain [RR = 1.76 (1.08, 2.88)] while those with lower education were at risk of excessive gain [RR = 1.11 (1.00, 1.22)]. Our results revealed that body image was associated with gestational weight gain but the relationship is complex. Identifying factors that affect whether certain women are at greater risk of gaining outside of guidelines may improve our ability to decrease pregnancy-related health problems.
大多数女性在怀孕期间的体重增加超过了推荐的量。由于妊娠期体重增加与短期和长期的母婴健康结果有关，因此确定不符合指南的女性面临更大风险是很重要的。本研究的目的是研究体像与妊娠期体重增加之间的关系。使用肥胖体像评估工具测量了参加妊娠、感染和营养研究的 1192 名女性的理想和当前体像大小。使用描述性和多变量技术评估了理想体像大小和差异评分（当前理想体像大小）对妊娠期体重增加的影响，差异评分反映了身体不满的程度。如果在 BMI≤26kg/m2 时开始怀孕，希望更瘦的女性体重过度增加的风险增加，但如果超重或肥胖，则风险降低。与喜欢瘦体型的女性相比，喜欢平均体型的女性，低收入女性体重不足的风险增加[RR=1.76（1.08，2.88）]，而受教育程度较低的女性体重过度增加的风险增加[RR=1.11（1.00，1.22）]。我们的研究结果表明，体像与妊娠期体重增加有关，但这种关系很复杂。确定影响某些女性是否更有可能超出指南规定的体重增加的因素，可能会提高我们减少与妊娠相关的健康问题的能力。
