University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Psychol Health. 2009 Mar;24(3):255-69. doi: 10.1080/08870440701805390.
The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of protection motivation theory (PMT) in the prediction of exercise intentions and behaviour in the year following hospitalisation for coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients with documented CAD (n = 787), recruited at hospital discharge, completed questionnaires measuring PMT's threat (i.e. perceived severity and vulnerability) and coping (i.e. self-efficacy, response efficacy) appraisal constructs at baseline, 2 and 6 months, and exercise behaviour at baseline, 6 and 12 months post-hospitalisation. Structural equation modelling showed that the PMT model of exercise at 6 months had a good fit with the empirical data. Self-efficacy, response efficacy, and perceived severity predicted exercise intentions, which, in turn predicted exercise behaviour. Overall, the PMT variables accounted for a moderate amount of variance in exercise intentions (23%) and behaviour (20%). In contrast, the PMT model was not reliable for predicting exercise behaviour at 12 months post-hospitalisation. The data provided support for PMT applied to short-term, but not long-term, exercise behaviour among patients with CAD. Health education should concentrate on providing positive coping messages to enhance patients' confidence regarding exercise and their belief that exercise provides health benefits, as well as realistic information about disease severity.
本研究旨在探讨保护动机理论（PMT）在预测冠心病（CAD）住院后一年内运动意向和行为的作用。在出院时招募了有记录的 CAD 患者（n=787），他们在基线、2 个月和 6 个月时完成了测量 PMT 的威胁（即感知严重程度和脆弱性）和应对（即自我效能、反应效能）评估结构的问卷，并在出院后 6 个月和 12 个月时测量了运动行为。结构方程模型显示，6 个月时的运动 PMT 模型与实证数据拟合良好。自我效能、反应效能和感知严重程度预测了运动意向，而运动意向又预测了运动行为。总的来说，PMT 变量可以解释运动意向（23%）和行为（20%）的中等程度差异。相比之下，PMT 模型不能可靠地预测 CAD 患者出院后 12 个月的运动行为。这些数据支持将 PMT 应用于 CAD 患者的短期运动行为，但不适用于长期运动行为。健康教育应集中于提供积极的应对信息，以增强患者对运动的信心和对运动带来健康益处的信念，以及关于疾病严重程度的现实信息。
