Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapy, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Psychol Health. 2009 Sep;24(7):749-61. doi: 10.1080/08870440801947787.
The present study sought to investigate genetic/biological attributions of obesity, their associations with a predisposition to obesity and their crossectional and longitudinal implications for weight regulation in obese individuals presenting for genetic testing and counselling. A total of 421 obese men and women underwent psychological and anthropometric assessment and a mutation screen of the melanocortin-4 receptor gene. At study entry, women revealed more genetic/biological attributions than men on the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire adapted to obesity (86.2% versus 59.7%). Genetic/biological attributions of obesity were associated in both sexes with a family history of obesity, assessed through Stunkard's Figure Rating Scale. In both sexes, genetic/biological attributions were unrelated to weight regulation beliefs and behaviour (i.e. self-efficacy, controllability beliefs, restrained eating and physical activity), assessed through standardised questionnaires or interview at baseline and at six-month follow-up. In addition, causal attributions and weight regulation beliefs and behaviour were not predictive of body mass index at six-month follow-up. Overall, the results indicate that causal attributions of obesity to genetic/biological factors in obese individuals presenting for genetic screening and counselling are crossectionally and longitudinally unrelated to weight regulation and longer-term weight outcome. Those who attribute their obesity to genetic/biological factors likely have a familial obesity risk.
本研究旨在探讨肥胖的遗传/生物学归因，它们与肥胖易感性的关联，以及它们对接受遗传检测和咨询的肥胖个体的体重调节的横断面和纵向影响。共有 421 名肥胖男女接受了心理和人体测量评估以及黑素皮质素 4 受体基因的突变筛查。在研究开始时，女性在适应肥胖的修订版疾病感知问卷（Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire）上比男性表现出更多的遗传/生物学归因（86.2%比 59.7%）。肥胖的遗传/生物学归因与通过 Stunkard 体型评分评估的肥胖家族史在两性中均有关联。在两性中，遗传/生物学归因与体重调节信念和行为（即自我效能感、可控性信念、节食和体力活动）无关，这些信念和行为通过基线和六个月随访时的标准化问卷或访谈进行评估。此外，因果归因以及体重调节信念和行为并不能预测六个月随访时的体重指数。总体而言，研究结果表明，在接受遗传筛查和咨询的肥胖个体中，将肥胖归因于遗传/生物学因素的因果归因在横断面和纵向与体重调节和长期体重结果无关。那些将肥胖归因于遗传/生物学因素的人可能存在家族肥胖风险。
