Alliance of Self-Care Research & The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK.
Psychol Health. 2009 Sep;24(7):805-22. doi: 10.1080/08870440802040707.
This article reports the development and exploratory testing of a school-based intervention programme designed to enhance levels of physical activity in adolescents. The intervention is based on social cognitive theory (SCT), self-regulation theory (SRT) and planning as evidence-based mediators of physical activity changes. Two classes, paired on socio-economic variables, were selected from each of eight Portuguese schools and randomly assigned to an intervention or control group (N = 291). Primary outcome was 'moderate to vigorous physical activity' (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) measured pre and post intervention and at three and nine months follow-up. SCT, SRT and planning variables were secondary outcomes measured pre and post intervention. At post test, participants in the intervention group reported 18 min per week more physical activity (PA), adjusted for pre-intervention, age and sex, than those in the control group (95% confidence interval -10 to 46; p = 0.249). This difference increased to 33 min (95% CI-4 to 71; p = 0.082) at three months and to 57 min (95% CI 13 to 101, p = 0.008) at nine month follow-up. Moreover, the intervention resulted in changes of some of the theoretical target variables, including outcome expectancies and coping planning. However, no evidence was found for the changes in theoretical moderators to mediate the intervention effects on behaviour. Implications for theory and for future research are discussed.
本文报告了一项基于学校的干预计划的开发和探索性测试，该计划旨在提高青少年的身体活动水平。该干预计划基于社会认知理论（SCT）、自我调节理论（SRT）和计划，作为身体活动变化的循证中介。从八所葡萄牙学校中选择了两个具有社会经济变量的班级，并将其随机分配到干预组或对照组（N=291）。主要结果是“中度到剧烈的身体活动”（国际身体活动问卷），在干预前、后以及三个月和九个月的随访中进行测量。SCT、SRT 和计划变量是干预前和干预后测量的次要结果。在测试后，与对照组相比，干预组的参与者每周报告多进行了 18 分钟的身体活动（PA），调整了干预前、年龄和性别因素（95%置信区间 -10 到 46；p=0.249）。这种差异在三个月时增加到 33 分钟（95%置信区间-4 到 71；p=0.082），在九个月的随访时增加到 57 分钟（95%置信区间 13 到 101，p=0.008）。此外，干预导致了一些理论目标变量的变化，包括结果预期和应对计划。然而，没有证据表明理论调节因素的变化可以调解干预对行为的影响。讨论了理论和未来研究的意义。
