University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK.
Disabil Rehabil. 2010;32(8):607-21. doi: 10.3109/09638280903186301.
Long-term sickness absence among workers is a major problem in industrialised countries. The aim of the review is to determine whether interventions involving the workplace are more effective and cost-effective at helping employees on sick leave return to work than those that do not involve the workplace at all.
A systematic review of controlled intervention studies and economic evaluations. Sixteen electronic databases and grey literature sources were searched, and reference and citation tracking was performed on included publications. A narrative synthesis was performed.
Ten articles were found reporting nine trials from Europe and Canada, and four articles were found evaluating the cost-effectiveness of interventions. The population in eight trials suffered from back pain and related musculoskeletal conditions. Interventions involving employees, health practitioners and employers working together, to implement work modifications for the absentee, were more consistently effective than other interventions. Early intervention was also found to be effective. The majority of trials were of good or moderate quality. Economic evaluations indicated that interventions with a workplace component are likely to be more cost effective than those without.
Stakeholder participation and work modification are more effective and cost effective at returning to work adults with musculoskeletal conditions than other workplace-linked interventions, including exercise.
工人长期病假是工业化国家的一个主要问题。本综述旨在确定涉及工作场所的干预措施是否比完全不涉及工作场所的干预措施更有效地帮助休病假的员工重返工作岗位，并且更具成本效益。
对对照干预研究和经济评估进行系统综述。检索了 16 个电子数据库和灰色文献来源，并对纳入的出版物进行了参考文献和引文追踪。进行了叙述性综合。
发现有 10 篇文章报道了来自欧洲和加拿大的 9 项试验，有 4 篇文章评估了干预措施的成本效益。8 项试验中的人群患有背痛和相关的肌肉骨骼疾病。涉及员工、卫生保健从业者和雇主共同努力为缺勤者实施工作调整的干预措施比其他干预措施更有效。早期干预也被发现是有效的。大多数试验的质量都很好或中等。经济评估表明，具有工作场所组成部分的干预措施可能比没有工作场所组成部分的干预措施更具成本效益。
与其他与工作场所相关的干预措施（包括运动）相比，利益相关者的参与和工作调整对于患有肌肉骨骼疾病的成年人重返工作岗位更有效，且更具成本效益。
