Delmas M-C, Fuhrman C
Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, 12, rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice cedex, France.
Rev Mal Respir. 2010 Feb;27(2):151-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rmr.2009.09.001. Epub 2010 Feb 8.
This article presents a review of the most recent data on descriptive epidemiology of asthma in France. The latest national surveys show a cumulative prevalence of asthma of more than 10% in children aged 10 years or more and a prevalence of current asthma from 6 to 7% in adults. In 2006, 1038 deaths from asthma were registered (64 deaths among people aged less than 45 years). After the peak observed in the 1980s, mortality from asthma has decreased. The decrease is also observed among children and young adults. According to data from the French discharge database (PMSI), there were 54 130 admissions for asthma (asthma as the principal diagnosis) in 2007. Between 1998 and 2007, the annual rate of admission for asthma decreased. However, no decreasing trend was observed in children and, in adults, admission rates seem to have been stable since 2004. The increase in the rate of admission for acute respiratory failure (ARF) associated with asthma (ARF as the principal diagnosis and asthma as an associated diagnosis) does not compensate for the decrease in the admission rate for asthma that was observed in adults. Data on emergency department visits show evidence of strong seasonal variations in asthma exacerbations.
本文对法国哮喘描述性流行病学的最新数据进行了综述。最新的全国性调查显示，10岁及以上儿童哮喘累积患病率超过10%，成人当前哮喘患病率为6%至7%。2006年，登记有1038例哮喘死亡病例（45岁以下人群中有64例死亡）。在20世纪80年代观察到峰值之后，哮喘死亡率有所下降。儿童和青年成人中也出现了下降情况。根据法国出院数据库（PMSI）的数据，2007年有54130例因哮喘住院（哮喘作为主要诊断）。1998年至2007年期间，哮喘的年住院率有所下降。然而，儿童中未观察到下降趋势，在成人中，自2004年以来住院率似乎一直稳定。与哮喘相关的急性呼吸衰竭（ARF）（ARF作为主要诊断且哮喘作为相关诊断）住院率的增加并不能弥补成人中观察到的哮喘住院率的下降。急诊就诊数据显示哮喘急性发作存在明显的季节性变化。
