School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
J Formos Med Assoc. 2010 Feb;109(2):138-47. doi: 10.1016/S0929-6646(10)60034-4.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Suicide is an important public health problem and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The present study investigated the prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI) and its associated risk factors in the general population.
A nationwide community survey was conducted using a computer-aided telephone interview system with residents aged >or= 15 years, who were selected by a stratified, proportional randomization method. The questionnaire comprised demographic variables, five items of psychopathology selected from the Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5) and questions about personal experience with suicide. In total, 2054 respondents, 1002 male (48.8%), and 1052 female (51.2%), completed the survey.
The weighted prevalence of SI was 2.84% in the past week, 5.50% in the past year, and 18.49% during a lifetime. Significant risk factors for SI in the last week included presence of SI over the past year [odds ratio (OR) =1763.6], SI during the lifetime (OR =267.6), psychiatric morbidity (OR = 30.3), depression (OR =26.1), inferiority (OR =11.2), hostility (OR = 10.9), anxiety (OR = 10.5), insomnia (OR =6.7), history of seeking help for psychological distress (OR = 7.9), divorce (OR =6.4), unemployment (OR = 5.0) and having suicidal behavior in relatives or friends (OR =3.8). Stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the five symptom items of BSRS-5 and unemployment significantly predicted 25.3% of the variance of SI. Using the BSRS-5 score 3 or 4 as a cut-off to predict SI, the rate of accurate classification was 85.88%, with sensitivity of 0.83 and specificity of 0.86.
A telephone interview survey containing the BSRS-5 items is an efficient way to identify determinants of SI in the general population.
背景/目的：自杀是一个重要的公共卫生问题，也是全球范围内主要的死亡原因之一。本研究旨在调查一般人群中自杀意念（SI）的流行率及其相关危险因素。
采用计算机辅助电话访谈系统对年龄>or=15 岁的居民进行全国性社区调查，采用分层、比例随机抽样方法进行选择。问卷包括人口统计学变量、从简明症状评定量表（BSRS-5）中选择的五个精神病理学项目以及有关自杀个人经历的问题。共有 2054 名受访者完成了调查，其中 1002 名男性（48.8%），1052 名女性（51.2%）。
过去一周内，SI 的加权患病率为 2.84%，过去一年为 5.50%，一生中为 18.49%。过去一周内 SI 的显著危险因素包括过去一年存在 SI（OR=1763.6）、一生中存在 SI（OR=267.6）、精神疾病（OR=30.3）、抑郁（OR=26.1）、自卑（OR=11.2）、敌意（OR=10.9）、焦虑（OR=10.5）、失眠（OR=6.7）、因心理困扰寻求帮助的病史（OR=7.9）、离婚（OR=6.4）、失业（OR=5.0）以及亲属或朋友中有自杀行为（OR=3.8）。逐步多元回归分析表明，BSRS-5 的五个症状项目和失业显著预测了 SI 方差的 25.3%。使用 BSRS-5 评分 3 或 4 作为预测 SI 的截止值，正确分类率为 85.88%，灵敏度为 0.83，特异性为 0.86。
包含 BSRS-5 项目的电话访谈调查是识别一般人群中 SI 决定因素的有效方法。
