Lv Jihua, Xu Tong, Lou Shuyue, Zhan Zhenxiang, Cheng Zicheng, Fu Fangwang
Department of Internal Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Yongkang, Yongkang, China.
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Dec 19;11:1500107. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1500107. eCollection 2024.
The aim was to ascertain whether serum carotenoid levels are linked to suicidal ideation, along with how depressive disorder influences the association.
This research was conducted using a cross-sectional design and encompassed 7,335 adults from the United States. The levels of serum carotenoids, encompassing -carotene, -carotene, -cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin, were ascertained by employing high-performance liquid chromatography. Item nine of the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire was used to evaluate suicidal ideation. The study used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models to ascertain the link between serum carotenoid levels and suicidal ideation. Mediation and stratified analyses were used to ascertain the impact of depressed symptoms on the association between serum carotenoid levels and suicidal ideation.
Out of the total participants, 245 individuals (3.3%) reported having suicidal ideation. Participants who had suicidal ideation showed lower levels of serum -carotene, -carotene, -cryptoxanthin, and lutein/zeaxanthin compared to those who did not have suicidal ideation. After controlling potential confounding factors, serum -carotene level was still associated with risk of suicidal ideation (per 1-standard deviation (SD) increment, odds ratio [OR]: 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55-0.98). The mediation analysis revealed that 36.3% of this association was mediated by the severity of depressive symptoms. Stratified analysis manifested that the association remained in depressed people but was attenuated in people without depressive disorder.
Increased serum -carotene level may decrease the susceptibility to suicidal ideation, especially in depressed people. Further intervention studies are needed to validate whether -carotene consumption contributes to preventing suicidal ideation.
目的是确定血清类胡萝卜素水平是否与自杀意念相关，以及抑郁症如何影响这种关联。
本研究采用横断面设计，纳入了7335名来自美国的成年人。通过高效液相色谱法测定血清类胡萝卜素水平，包括α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、番茄红素和叶黄素/玉米黄质。使用九项患者健康问卷的第九项来评估自杀意念。该研究使用多变量调整逻辑回归和受限立方样条模型来确定血清类胡萝卜素水平与自杀意念之间的关联。采用中介分析和分层分析来确定抑郁症状对血清类胡萝卜素水平与自杀意念之间关联的影响。
在所有参与者中，245人（3.3%）报告有自杀意念。有自杀意念的参与者与没有自杀意念的参与者相比，血清α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质和叶黄素/玉米黄质水平较低。在控制潜在混杂因素后，血清α-胡萝卜素水平仍与自杀意念风险相关（每增加1个标准差（SD），比值比[OR]：0.73，95%置信区间[CI]：0.55 - 0.98）。中介分析显示，这种关联的36.3%由抑郁症状的严重程度介导。分层分析表明，这种关联在抑郁症患者中仍然存在，但在无抑郁症的人群中减弱。
血清α-胡萝卜素水平升高可能会降低自杀意念的易感性，尤其是在抑郁症患者中。需要进一步的干预研究来验证摄入α-胡萝卜素是否有助于预防自杀意念。
