Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
Metabolism. 2010 Oct;59(10):1502-9. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2010.01.015. Epub 2010 Mar 6.
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) pandemic predisposes patients to low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). To successfully treat low HDL-C, there is an urgent need for a better understanding of the changes in HDL particles in the low-HDL-C state. Especially, apolipoprotein (apo) E metabolism in HDL particles is an emerging and important issue. Therefore, we determined HDL subspecies, apo E distribution, and the impact of the MetS in subjects with low and high HDL-C. We studied 246 subjects derived from the Finnish Health 2000 Health Examination Survey. The 2 groups included 113 low-HDL-C (≤10th percentile) and 133 high-HDL-C (≥90th percentile) subjects. The low-HDL-C subjects had higher apo E concentration (39.4 ± 19.4 vs 25.6 ± 8.0 μg/mL, P < .001) and smaller HDL mean particle size (9.0 ± 0.2 vs 9.8 ± 0.3 nm, P < .001). The distribution of apo E genetic isoforms could not explain the difference. Apolipoprotein E content of very low-density lipoprotein particles was comparable between the study groups. In the low-HDL-C subjects, apo E level in large HDL particles was lower (P < .001) compared with that in the high-HDL-C subjects. The subjects with MetS had smaller HDL mean particle size and higher serum apo E concentration. Serum apo E concentration associated positively with different MetS markers (waist circumference, triglycerides, and glucose), whereas HDL mean particle size associated with those negatively. Our results highlight that, in the low-HDL-C state, there are changes in the size and composition of HDL particles associating with MetS. Apolipoprotein E, although generally considered antiatherogenic, associates with MetS and low HDL-C. Our results emphasize the need for a better understanding of apo E metabolism in HDL particles.
代谢综合征（MetS）大流行使患者易患低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）。为了成功治疗低 HDL-C，迫切需要更好地了解低 HDL-C 状态下 HDL 颗粒的变化。特别是，载脂蛋白（apo）E 在 HDL 颗粒中的代谢是一个新兴的重要问题。因此，我们确定了 HDL 亚群、apo E 分布以及 MetS 对低和高 HDL-C 人群的影响。我们研究了来自芬兰健康 2000 健康检查调查的 246 名受试者。这 2 组包括 113 名低 HDL-C（≤10 百分位）和 133 名高 HDL-C（≥90 百分位）的受试者。低 HDL-C 受试者的 apo E 浓度较高（39.4±19.4 与 25.6±8.0 μg/mL，P<.001），HDL 平均颗粒直径较小（9.0±0.2 与 9.8±0.3 nm，P<.001）。apo E 遗传异构体的分布不能解释这种差异。两组研究对象之间极低密度脂蛋白颗粒的 apo E 含量相当。在低 HDL-C 受试者中，大 HDL 颗粒中的 apo E 水平较低（P<.001），与高 HDL-C 受试者相比。MetS 患者的 HDL 平均颗粒直径较小，血清 apo E 浓度较高。血清 apo E 浓度与不同的 MetS 标志物（腰围、甘油三酯和葡萄糖）呈正相关，而 HDL 平均颗粒直径与这些标志物呈负相关。我们的研究结果强调，在低 HDL-C 状态下，HDL 颗粒的大小和组成发生变化，与 MetS 相关。载脂蛋白 E 虽然通常被认为具有抗动脉粥样硬化作用，但与 MetS 和低 HDL-C 相关。我们的研究结果强调了更好地理解 HDL 颗粒中 apo E 代谢的必要性。
