[法国的自杀与职业]

[Suicide and occupation in France].

作者信息

Cohidon C, Santin G, Geoffroy-Perez B, Imbernon E

机构信息

Unité mixte de recherche et de surveillance transport travail environnement, (Inrets, université Lyon1, InVS), 69373 Lyon, France.

出版信息

Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2010 Apr;58(2):139-50. doi: 10.1016/j.respe.2010.01.001. Epub 2010 Mar 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.respe.2010.01.001

PMID:20207089

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Suicide is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon. The number of work-related suicides is difficult to assess in France. There are nevertheless some data available to document this problem. The aim of this study is to describe suicide attempts (SA) and suicide mortality according to occupation in France.

METHODS

The description of SA relies on the "Baromètre Santé 2005", a cross-sectional representative survey conducted by the Inpes in France. The study population includes 6264 men and 7389 women in employment at the time of the survey. The prevalence of all life SA is described according to occupational category (one and two digits). Data on suicide mortality before the age of 65 comes from the Cosmop project, conducted by the Department of Occupational Health/InVS, and based on data from the "Echantillon démographique permanent"/Insee linked to medical causes of death from the French national death registry (CepiDc/Inserm). People included was born in France, employed at one of censuses (1968, 1975, 1982 and 1990, 187,938 men, 150,683 women). Relative risks for suicide mortality were estimated for the last known occupational category and economic sector.

RESULTS

The prevalence of life course SA was higher among women than among men (6.6% vs 3.1%); an opposite situation was observed for mortality. Regarding salaried people, categories of manual workers and clerks are the most affected by SA and mortality from suicide whereas executives are the least concerned. Farmers were little affected by SA (0.4% men, 4.1% women) but experienced the highest rate of mortality by suicide (RR=3.1 men, RR=2.2 women). Among women, compared to non market sectors, the agricultural and equipment goods sectors exhibited an excessive risk of mortality from suicide.

CONCLUSION

This study points out SA and mortality from suicide inequalities by occupational categories and to a lesser extent by economic sector. These results provide a first assessment on suicide according to occupation in France.

摘要

背景

自杀是一种复杂的多因素现象。在法国，与工作相关的自杀人数难以评估。然而，仍有一些数据可用于记录这一问题。本研究的目的是按职业描述法国的自杀未遂情况和自杀死亡率。

方法

自杀未遂情况的描述基于法国国家公共卫生研究所（Inpes）进行的“2005年健康晴雨表”横断面代表性调查。研究人群包括调查时在职的6264名男性和7389名女性。根据职业类别（一位数和两位数）描述所有终生自杀未遂的患病率。65岁之前的自杀死亡率数据来自职业健康部/法国国家卫生安全局（InVS）开展的Cosmop项目，该项目基于与法国国家死亡登记处（CepiDc/Inserm）的死亡医学原因相关联的“永久人口样本”/法国国家统计局（Insee）的数据。纳入的人员出生在法国，在其中一次人口普查（1968年、1975年、1982年和1990年）时就业，包括187,938名男性和150,683名女性。对最后已知的职业类别和经济部门估计自杀死亡率的相对风险。

结果

终生自杀未遂的患病率女性高于男性（6.6%对3.1%）；在死亡率方面观察到相反的情况。对于受薪人员，体力劳动者和职员类别受自杀未遂和自杀死亡率的影响最大，而高管受影响最小。农民受自杀未遂影响较小（男性为0.4%，女性为4.1%），但自杀死亡率最高（男性RR = 3.1，女性RR = 2.2）。在女性中，与非市场部门相比，农业和设备商品部门的自杀死亡率过高。