Technical University of Lisbon (TULisbon), Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
J Hazard Mater. 2010 Jun 15;178(1-3):956-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.02.031. Epub 2010 Feb 17.
We used hydrophilic polymers from diapers to aid the establishment of an indigenous plant (Spergularia purpurea (Persoon) G. Don fil.) in a soil from a pyrite mine. Lysimeters were filled with the mine soil with no amendment (control), with a polyacrylate polymer, with a polymer removed from diapers, and with shredded diapers. The establishment of a plant cover was faster in soil amended with polymer from diapers, and 85 days after sowing the soil was completely covered in all treatments except control. The concentrations of trace elements in plant shoots decreased in amended soil. The activities of soil acid phosphatase, beta-glucosidase, protease and cellulase were greatest in soil amended with the polyacrylate polymer or with polymer removed from diapers, while the application of shredded diapers leads to values that were in general intermediate between these treatments and unamended control. Basal- and substrate-induced respirations, and dehydrogenase were greatest in soil amended with polymers, but the presence of a plastic film and fibrous materials from shredded diapers prevented any improvement in these parameters compared with unamended soil. In the second experiment, we evaluated the risk of downward movement of polymers in columns of a sandy soil. Polymer from diapers, with or without Cu, was placed at a 10 cm-depth. Five leaching cycles with artificial rain took place and leachates were analyzed for organic matter and Cu. At the end of the experiment, the soil columns were sliced and each layer was analyzed separately. Some repacking of soil and polymer particles took place, but there was no indication that polymers moved to any great depth in soil columns.
我们使用纸尿裤中的亲水聚合物来帮助一种本地植物（Spergularia purpurea (Persoon) G. Don fil.）在来自黄铁矿矿的土壤中定居。渗滤器中填充了未经改良的矿土（对照）、聚丙烯酸酯聚合物、从纸尿裤中提取的聚合物以及碎纸尿裤。在添加了纸尿裤聚合物的土壤中，植物覆盖的建立速度更快，播种后 85 天，除对照外，所有处理的土壤都完全被覆盖。添加土壤中痕量元素在植物地上部分的浓度降低。土壤酸性磷酸酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、蛋白酶和纤维素酶的活性在添加聚丙烯酸酯聚合物或从纸尿裤中提取的聚合物的土壤中最大，而碎纸尿裤的应用导致的值通常在这些处理和未改良对照之间的中间。基础呼吸和基质诱导呼吸以及脱氢酶在添加聚合物的土壤中最大，但塑料薄膜和碎纸尿裤中的纤维材料的存在阻止了与未改良土壤相比这些参数的任何改善。在第二个实验中，我们评估了聚合物在沙质土壤柱中向下迁移的风险。将含有或不含有 Cu 的纸尿裤聚合物置于 10 厘米深的位置。进行了五次人工降雨淋洗循环，并对淋出液中的有机物和 Cu 进行了分析。实验结束时，对土壤柱进行切片，并分别分析每个层。土壤和聚合物颗粒有一些重新包装，但没有迹象表明聚合物在土壤柱中移动到任何很深的地方。
