Biosystems Engineering Center, CEER, Technical University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Sep 15;192(3):1836-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.020. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
In soils impacted by mining activities a vegetal cover is required to protect the site from the erosive forces of water and wind. The success of this objective depends on plant establishment and canopy closure. Polyacryalate polymers aid the growth of crops and indigenous plants in soils from sulfide mines. Soil characteristics change as a consequence of polymer application, but indicators that pinpoint these changes have not been identified yet. Our objectives were to (1) identify the sensitive indicators of changes in soil quality following polymer application, (2) relate these with assessment based on plant growth and soil cover. A mine soil was left unamended or received a characterized polyacrylate, a polyacrylate removed from diapers, or shredded diapers. Biomass of Spergularia purpurea was measured and proportion of soil cover evaluated. Soil enzymes, microbial activity, and respiration were analyzed. Availability of potentially toxic trace elements was estimated by their concentration in shoots. Factor analysis identified three factors that accounted for 94% of the variation in parameters, and the scores separated the four treatments. The indicators with greatest communality were correlated with plant growth and soil cover. The best soil quality indicators were As and Zn in shoots, protease, β-glucosidase, and fructose-induced respiration. It seems that the most important indicators to be used to assess the restoration of sulfide mine soils are those related with bioavailability of trace elements and soil enzymatic activities.
在受采矿活动影响的土壤中，需要植被覆盖来保护场地免受水和风的侵蚀。这一目标的成功取决于植物的建立和树冠的封闭。聚丙烯酸酯聚合物有助于在硫化矿土壤中种植作物和本地植物。由于聚合物的应用，土壤特性会发生变化，但尚未确定指出这些变化的指标。我们的目标是：(1) 确定聚合物应用后土壤质量变化的敏感指标，(2) 将这些指标与基于植物生长和土壤覆盖的评估联系起来。一种矿山土壤未经过改良，或接受了一种特征化的聚丙烯酸酯、一种从尿布中去除的聚丙烯酸酯或撕碎的尿布。测量了矢车菊的生物量并评估了土壤覆盖的比例。分析了土壤酶、微生物活性和呼吸作用。通过其在芽中的浓度来估计潜在有毒痕量元素的可用性。因子分析确定了三个解释了 94%参数变化的因子，得分将四个处理分开。具有最大共性的指标与植物生长和土壤覆盖有关。最好的土壤质量指标是芽中的 As 和 Zn、蛋白酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和果糖诱导的呼吸。似乎用于评估硫化矿土壤恢复的最重要指标是与痕量元素生物利用度和土壤酶活性相关的指标。
