Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2010 Apr;22(2):223-30. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2010.02.005. Epub 2010 Mar 6.
Ever since T cell exhaustion was initially characterized and thoroughly analyzed in the murine LCMV model, such a functional impairment has been validated in other chronic viral infections such as HIV, HCV, and HBV. In tumor immunology, it has always been postulated that tumor-reactive T cells could also become functionally exhausted owing to the high tumor-antigen load and accompanying inhibitory mechanisms. However, the empirical evidences for this hypothesis have not been as extensive as in chronic infection perhaps because much of the focus on T cell dysfunction in tumor immunology has been, and appropriately so, on breaking or bypassing immune tolerance and anergy to tumor/self antigens. On the basis of recent reports, it is becoming clear that T cell exhaustion also plays a crucial role in the impairment of antitumor immunity. In this review, we will comparatively evaluate the T cell responses in cancer and chronic infection, and the therapeutic strategies and interventions for both diseases.
自从 T 细胞耗竭在小鼠 LCMV 模型中首次被描述和彻底分析以来，这种功能障碍已在其他慢性病毒感染如 HIV、HCV 和 HBV 中得到验证。在肿瘤免疫学中，人们一直假设肿瘤反应性 T 细胞也可能由于高肿瘤抗原负荷和伴随的抑制机制而发生功能耗竭。然而，这一假说的经验证据并不像慢性感染那样广泛，这也许是因为肿瘤免疫学中对 T 细胞功能障碍的关注一直并且恰当地集中在打破或绕过对肿瘤/自身抗原的免疫耐受和无能上。根据最近的报告，T 细胞耗竭在抗肿瘤免疫的损害中也起着至关重要的作用。在这篇综述中，我们将比较评估癌症和慢性感染中的 T 细胞反应，以及这两种疾病的治疗策略和干预措施。
