Olsson M-L, Tingberg A, Mattsson S
Department of Radiation Physics, Malmö University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2010 Apr-May;139(1-3):78-80. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncq082. Epub 2010 Mar 5.
Compression was earlier an important and well-managed part of the clinical routine, but during the past 15-20 y the use has diminished, except for mammography, where it is a prerequisite for having images of high quality and low radiation dose. According to national and European regulations and recommendations, it is important to apply the compression technique to obtain the optimal image quality and radiation dose in common conventional diagnostic examinations. Current experience of compression technique is, however, based on studies carried out a long time ago and with analogue imaging techniques. An anthropomorphic phantom was used to show the importance of compression in conventional X-ray examinations. The patient thicknesses on volunteers with and without compression was measured. This measurement was done to investigate compression potential on patients and to select suitable phantom thicknesses. The X-ray examinations that were included in the study were abdomen overview, lumbar spine and the pelvis. The results from the phantom study showed a large dependency of the kerma-area product value on the phantom thickness. The phantom study suggests that there is a potential for significant reduction of radiation dose to the patient by using compression also with modern X-ray techniques. A dose reduction of up to 50 % or even more may be obtained.
压迫曾是临床常规操作中一个重要且管理完善的部分，但在过去15至20年里，其应用有所减少，乳腺摄影检查除外，在乳腺摄影中，压迫是获得高质量、低辐射剂量图像的前提条件。根据国家和欧洲的法规及建议，在普通传统诊断检查中应用压迫技术以获得最佳图像质量和辐射剂量很重要。然而，目前关于压迫技术的经验是基于很久以前使用模拟成像技术进行的研究。使用一个仿真人体模型来展示压迫在传统X射线检查中的重要性。测量了有压迫和无压迫情况下志愿者的身体厚度。进行此测量是为了研究对患者的压迫潜力并选择合适的模型厚度。该研究纳入的X射线检查包括腹部平片、腰椎和骨盆。仿真人体模型研究的结果表明，比释动能面积乘积值很大程度上取决于模型厚度。该仿真人体模型研究表明，即使使用现代X射线技术，通过压迫也有可能大幅降低患者的辐射剂量。剂量最多可降低50%甚至更多。
