National Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Lot 1853, Kg. Melayu Sungai Buloh, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010 Feb;20(2):229-37.
Recently, many cases related to viral gastroenteritis outbreaks have been reported all over the world. Noroviruses are found to be leading as the major cause of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis. Patients with the acute gastroenteritis normally found to be positive with norovirus when stools and vomit were analyzed. This paper reviews various activities and previous reports that describe norovirus contaminated in various food matrixes and relationship between food handlers. Lately, a numbers of norovirus outbreaks have been reported which are involved fresh produce (such as vegetables, fruits), shellfish and prepared food. Food produces by infected food handlers may therefore easily contaminated. In addition, food that required much handling and have been eaten without heat treatment gave the high risk for getting foodborne illnesses. The standard method for detection of norovirus has already been available for stool samples. However, only few methods for detection of norovirus in food samples have been developed until now.
最近，世界各地报告了许多与病毒性肠胃炎暴发有关的病例。诺如病毒被发现是急性肠胃炎暴发的主要原因。分析粪便和呕吐物时，通常会发现急性肠胃炎患者的诺如病毒检测呈阳性。本文综述了描述各种食品基质中诺如病毒污染以及食品处理人员之间关系的各种活动和以往报告。最近，报告了多起与新鲜农产品（如蔬菜、水果）、贝类和即食食品有关的诺如病毒暴发。受感染者生产的食品可能因此容易受到污染。此外，需要大量处理且未经热处理就食用的食品存在较高的食源性疾病风险。已可采用标准方法检测粪便样本中的诺如病毒。但是，到目前为止，仅开发了少数用于检测食品样本中诺如病毒的方法。
