Haldenwang B B
Department of Geography, University of Stellenbosch.
S Afr Med J. 1991 Apr 20;79(8):461-5.
Lung cancer, a disease which primarily occurs in urban areas, caused 1,130 deaths during 1984-1986 in Cape Town. It is the most prevalent cause of cancer death in men and is second only to breast cancer in women. It was responsible for 22.9% of all cancer deaths in Cape Town during the 3-year period. The cartographic representation of standardised mortality ratios shows that the incidence of lung cancer mortality in Cape Town is appreciably higher in men than women, and in coloured people than in white people. Coloured men are the group most at risk. Despite the important role smoking habits play in the aetiology of lung cancer, the results of the ecological analyses show that environmental factors are partly responsible for the incidence of the disease. In the case of white people demographic as well as socioeconomic variables, such as age, home language, religious affiliation and level of education, were identified by the multivariate statistical techniques as associated variables. In the case of coloured people the factors that play a role are chiefly socio-economic ones, such as unemployment, home owner status and type of housing. Positive relationship with low socio-economic status pertains only to coloured people.
肺癌主要发生在城市地区，1984年至1986年期间在开普敦导致1130人死亡。它是男性中最常见的癌症死亡原因，在女性中仅次于乳腺癌。在这三年期间，它占开普敦所有癌症死亡人数的22.9%。标准化死亡率的地图显示，开普敦肺癌死亡率的发病率男性明显高于女性，有色人种高于白人。有色人种男性是风险最高的群体。尽管吸烟习惯在肺癌病因中起着重要作用，但生态分析结果表明，环境因素对该疾病的发病率也有一定影响。对于白人，多变量统计技术确定人口统计学以及社会经济变量，如年龄、母语、宗教信仰和教育水平，为相关变量。对于有色人种，起作用的因素主要是社会经济因素，如失业、房主身份和住房类型。与低社会经济地位的正相关仅适用于有色人种。
