Vijayakumar G, Arun R, Kutty V R
MedicalTrust Hospital and Diabetes Care Centre, Kulanada, Pathanamthitta-689 573, Kerala, India.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2009 Aug;57:563-7.
Within India, inter-regional disparities in burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are expected because of varying lifestyles and demographic patterns. Hence, to estimate the prevalence of DM and impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG), and to explore the predictors of DM, a study was conducted in rural Kerala.
In 2007, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1990 adults (women: 1149; men: 841) of two Panchayat Wards in Venmony Panchayat, Chengannur Taluk, Kerala, India. Those who were already on drugs for DM and/or having fasting plasma glucose (FBS) > or = 126 mg/dL were considered as DMs; those with FBS 100 -125 mg/dL were considered as IFGs. Pearson's Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.
The response rate was 82.7 percent. The crude- and age-adjusted prevalence of DM was 14.6 percent and 12.5 percent respectively, and that of IFG was 5.1 percent and 4.6 percent respectively. The crude prevalence of hypertension (BP > or = 140/90), hypercholesterolemia (fasting total serum cholesterol > or = 200 mg/dL) and central obesity (WHR > or = 0.80 [women] and > or = 0.90 [men]) was 36.1 percent, 37.0 percent and 85.6 percent respectively. Adjusted for age and sex, DM was significantly associated with positive family history of DM [Odds ratio: 2.81; 95% CI (2.04-3.86)], high socioeconomic status [1.43; (1.04-1.95)], central obesity [3.91; (1.77-8.64)], hypercholesterolemia [1.93; (1.42-2.62)], and hypertension [1.71; (1.24-2.37)].
High prevalence of DM even in rural community validates the pandemic trend of DM. The coexistence of other non-communicable diseases amplifies the burden of DM. The impact of socioeconomic transition on the occurrence of DM needs to be explored further.
在印度国内，由于生活方式和人口结构模式的差异，预计2型糖尿病（DM）负担存在地区间差异。因此，为了估计DM和空腹血糖受损（IFG）的患病率，并探究DM的预测因素，在喀拉拉邦农村地区开展了一项研究。
2007年，在印度喀拉拉邦成讷努尔镇韦莫尼村两个村委会辖区的1990名成年人（女性：1149名；男性：841名）中进行了一项横断面调查。那些已经在服用DM药物和/或空腹血糖（FBS）≥126mg/dL的人被视为DM患者；FBS为100 - 125mg/dL的人被视为IFG患者。采用Pearson卡方检验和多因素logistic回归进行统计分析。
应答率为82.7%。DM的粗患病率和年龄调整患病率分别为14.6%和12.5%，IFG的粗患病率和年龄调整患病率分别为5.1%和4.6%。高血压（血压≥(140/90)）、高胆固醇血症（空腹总血清胆固醇≥(200mg/dL)）和中心性肥胖（腰臀比≥0.80[女性]和≥0.90[男性]）的粗患病率分别为36.1%、37.0%和85.6%。经年龄和性别调整后，DM与DM家族史阳性[比值比：2.81；95%置信区间（2.04 - 3.86）]、高社会经济地位[1.43；（1.04 - 1.95）]、中心性肥胖[3.91；（1.77 - 8.64）]、高胆固醇血症[1.93；（1.42 - 2.62）]和高血压[1.71；（1.24 - 2.37）]显著相关。
即使在农村社区，DM的高患病率也证实了DM的流行趋势。其他非传染性疾病的共存加重了DM负担。社会经济转型对DM发生的影响需要进一步探究。
