Kapil Umesh, Khandelwal Ritika, Ramakrishnan Lakshmy, Khenduja Preetika, Gupta Aakriti, Pandey Ravindra Mohan, Upadhyay Ashish Datt, Belwal Ravi Shankar
Department of Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2018 Nov-Dec;7(6):1527-1536. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_108_18.
Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) both are rapidly emerging as public health problems among geriatric population in developing countries. HTN can lead to stroke, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and chronic kidney diseases among geriatric population. DM increases the risk of coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy among geriatric population.
A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted during 2015-2016 in District Nainital, Uttarakhand. A list of all villages with their population in the district was developed. From this list, 30 villages were identified using population proportionate to size sampling method. From each village, 30 geriatric subjects were selected. A total of 1003 geriatric subjects age 60 years and above were included in the study. Data were collected on sociodemographic profile, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, anthropometry, and lipid profile from all the enrolled subjects. The prevalence of HTN and DM was assessed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done to identify risk factors associated with HTN and DM.
The prevalence of HTN and DM was found to be 54.5% and 14.6%, respectively. For HTN, advancing age, high educational level and body mass index (BMI) (≥25 kg/m) and for DM higher education level and BMI (≥25 kg/m) were found to be significant risk factors.
A high prevalence of HTN and DM was found in geriatric population residing in rural area of Uttarakhand.
高血压（HTN）和糖尿病（DM）在发展中国家的老年人群体中迅速成为公共卫生问题。高血压可导致老年人群体出现中风、心肌梗死、充血性心力衰竭和慢性肾脏疾病。糖尿病会增加老年人群体患冠心病、脑血管疾病、外周血管疾病、视网膜病变、肾病和神经病变的风险。
2015年至2016年期间，在北阿坎德邦奈尼塔尔地区开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。编制了该地区所有村庄及其人口的清单。从这份清单中，采用按规模比例抽样方法确定了30个村庄。从每个村庄中选取30名老年受试者。共有1003名60岁及以上的老年受试者纳入该研究。收集了所有登记受试者的社会人口学特征、血压、空腹血糖、人体测量学数据和血脂谱数据。评估了高血压和糖尿病的患病率。进行单因素和多因素分析以确定与高血压和糖尿病相关的危险因素。
发现高血压和糖尿病的患病率分别为54.5%和14.6%。对于高血压，年龄增长、高教育水平和体重指数（BMI）（≥25kg/m）以及对于糖尿病，高教育水平和BMI（≥25kg/m）被发现是显著的危险因素。
在北阿坎德邦农村地区的老年人群体中发现高血压和糖尿病的患病率很高。
