Jackowska Ewa
Akademia Humanistyczno-Ekonomiczna w Łodzi.
Psychiatr Pol. 2009 Nov-Dec;43(6):655-70.
The stereotypes and sigma associated with mental disorders are frequently the main obstacles preventing early and successful treatment. Particularly in the case of schizophrenia, the burden of stigma often leads to chronic social impairment. In the paper, the prevalence of different public beliefs about mental disorders and varied components of the stereotypes of schizophrenia among respondents living in a few European countries (Poland, Switzerland, Germany, Croatia and Spain) are presented. The data have indicated that patients suffering from schizophrenia and their families not rarely have experienced social distancing, exclusion and rejection not only from the general public but also from mental health professionals. In general, respondents are fearful of people diagnosed with schizophrenia and desire emotional distance from them. The public attitudes tend to characterize people suffering from schizophrenia as dangerous, unpredictable, unreliable and so on. The article describes chosen psychological mechanisms that are associated with the presented results and explain the stigma attitudes of respondents.
与精神障碍相关的刻板印象和污名往往是阻碍早期成功治疗的主要障碍。特别是在精神分裂症的情况下，污名负担常常导致慢性社会功能损害。本文介绍了居住在几个欧洲国家（波兰、瑞士、德国、克罗地亚和西班牙）的受访者对精神障碍的不同公众信念以及精神分裂症刻板印象的不同组成部分的流行情况。数据表明，精神分裂症患者及其家属不仅很少受到普通公众的社会疏远、排斥和拒绝，也很少受到心理健康专业人员的这种对待。一般来说，受访者害怕被诊断患有精神分裂症的人，并希望与他们保持情感距离。公众态度倾向于将精神分裂症患者描述为危险、不可预测、不可靠等。文章描述了与所呈现结果相关的某些心理机制，并解释了受访者的污名态度。
