Gates Donna M, Brehm Bonnie J
University of Cincinnati, College of Nursing, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
AAOHN J. 2010 Mar;58(3):117-22. doi: 10.3928/08910162-20100216-02.
It is estimated that American employers spend more than $900 billion annually on health care and that obesity-attributable health care expenditures total $75 billion. The authors discuss a yearlong health promotion research project aimed at obesity and involving eight small manufacturing companies. Three hundred forty-one employees randomly selected at the intervention and control worksites were followed at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months for anthropometric measures, lifestyle behaviors, absences, and work performance. The authors conclude that although the worksite offers unique opportunities to develop health promotion programs, these efforts are not without challenges due to the tensions regarding the need to protect and promote health for the population, the increasing concerns over health care costs and access, and the priority to maintain individuals' rights and privacy.
据估计,美国雇主每年在医疗保健方面的支出超过9000亿美元,其中因肥胖导致的医疗保健支出总计750亿美元。作者讨论了一项为期一年的健康促进研究项目,该项目针对肥胖问题,涉及八家小型制造公司。在干预和对照工作场所随机挑选的341名员工在基线时以及在3个月、6个月和12个月时接受了人体测量、生活方式行为、缺勤情况和工作表现方面的跟踪调查。作者得出结论,尽管工作场所为开展健康促进项目提供了独特的机会,但由于在保护和促进人群健康的需求、对医疗保健成本和可及性的日益关注以及维护个人权利和隐私的优先性等方面存在矛盾,这些努力并非没有挑战。