Nischler Christian, Michael Ralph, Wintersteller Christine, Marvan Patrick, Emesz Martin, Van Rijn Laurentius J, van den Berg Thomas J T P, Wilhelm Helmut, Coeckelbergh Tanja, Barraquer Rafael I, Grabner Günther, Hitzl Wolfgang
Department of Ophthalmology, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2010 Sep-Oct;20(5):892-901. doi: 10.1177/112067211002000513.
To evaluate the prevalence and association of different types and severities of cataract or pseudophakia with visual impairments in older European drivers.
In this prospective European multicenter study, 2211 active drivers, 45 years of age and older, participated in an ophthalmologic examination, the measurement of visual functions, and were asked to fill in the NEI-VFQ-25 and another questionnaire about driving habits, driving difficulties, and self-reported accidents.
Prevalence of moderate and severe forms of cataract in an active driving population is lower than that in the general population, but could be found in both eyes in 20% (95% confidence interval [CI] 16%-25%) and 17% (95% CI:13%-21%) of subjects 75 years of age and older. In addition, there is a strong relationship between severity of cataract and parameters such as age, visual acuity, intraocular straylight, and contrast sensitivity.
Cataract is not as highly prevalent in the elderly active driving population as in the general population, but is frequently present in drivers over 65 years of age. Lower prevalence of severe bilateral cataracts in countries with mandatory tests of visual functions of drivers suggest that this could be a suitable measure to detect and to reduce the number of active drivers with severe bilateral cataracts.
评估欧洲老年驾驶员中不同类型和严重程度的白内障或人工晶状体眼与视力损害的患病率及相关性。
在这项前瞻性欧洲多中心研究中，2211名45岁及以上的现役驾驶员参加了眼科检查、视觉功能测量，并被要求填写NEI-VFQ-25问卷以及另一份关于驾驶习惯、驾驶困难和自我报告事故的问卷。
现役驾驶人群中中度和重度白内障的患病率低于普通人群，但在75岁及以上的受试者中，分别有20%（95%置信区间[CI]16%-25%）和17%（95%CI：13%-21%）的人双眼患有白内障。此外，白内障的严重程度与年龄、视力、眼内杂散光和对比敏感度等参数之间存在密切关系。
白内障在老年现役驾驶人群中的患病率不如普通人群高，但在65岁以上的驾驶员中较为常见。在对驾驶员视觉功能进行强制检测的国家，严重双侧白内障的患病率较低，这表明这可能是一种检测和减少患有严重双侧白内障的现役驾驶员数量的合适措施。
