Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2010 Mar;24(3):165-73. doi: 10.1089/apc.2009.0135.
Latino immigrants in the United States are disproportionally impacted by the HIV epidemic but face barriers to clinic-based testing. We assessed a community-based strategy for rapid HIV testing by conducting "door-to-door" outreaches in apartments with predominately Latino immigrants in Durham, North Carolina, that has experienced an exponential growth in its Latino population. Eligible persons were 18 years or older, not pregnant, and reported no HIV test in the previous month. Participants were asked to complete a survey and offered rapid HIV testing. Of the 228 Latino participants, 75.4% consented to HIV testing. There was a high prevalence of sexual risk behaviors among participants, with 42.5% acknowledging ever having sex with a commercial sex worker (CSW). Most (66.5%) had no history of prior HIV testing. In bivariate analysis, perceived HIV risk, no history of HIV testing, sex with a CSW, sex in exchange for drugs or money, living with a partner, and alcohol use were significantly associated with test acceptance. In the multivariate analysis, participants who had never been tested for HIV were more likely to consent to rapid HIV testing than those who had tested in the past (adjusted odds ratio 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1, 5.6). Most participants supported rapid HIV testing in the community (97%). Door-to-door rapid HIV testing is a feasible and acceptable strategy for screening high-risk Latino immigrants in the community. Factors associated with HIV risk among Latino migrants and immigrants in the United States should be considered along with novel testing strategies in HIV prevention programs.
美国的拉丁裔移民不成比例地受到艾滋病毒流行的影响,但在基于诊所的检测方面面临障碍。我们评估了一种通过在北卡罗来纳州达勒姆市的主要是拉丁裔移民的公寓进行“挨家挨户”外展活动来快速进行艾滋病毒检测的基于社区的策略,该城市的拉丁裔人口呈指数增长。符合条件的人年龄在 18 岁或以上,不是孕妇,并且报告在过去一个月内没有进行过艾滋病毒检测。参与者被要求完成一项调查并接受快速艾滋病毒检测。在 228 名拉丁裔参与者中,有 75.4%同意进行艾滋病毒检测。参与者中存在较高的性风险行为,其中 42.5%承认曾与性工作者发生过性关系。大多数人(66.5%)没有艾滋病毒检测史。在单变量分析中,感知的艾滋病毒风险、没有艾滋病毒检测史、与性工作者发生性关系、为换取毒品或金钱发生性关系、与伴侣同居和饮酒与接受检测显著相关。在多变量分析中,从未接受过艾滋病毒检测的参与者比过去接受过检测的参与者更有可能同意进行快速艾滋病毒检测(调整后的优势比 2.5;95%置信区间[CI],1.1,5.6)。大多数参与者支持社区内的快速艾滋病毒检测(97%)。挨家挨户的快速艾滋病毒检测是一种可行且可接受的策略,可用于筛查社区中的高危拉丁裔移民。在美国,与拉丁裔移民和移民相关的艾滋病毒风险因素应与艾滋病毒预防计划中的新型检测策略一起考虑。
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