Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010 Jun 15;62(7-8):784-97. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2010.03.001. Epub 2010 Mar 6.
Heart diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI) and congestive heart failure (CHF), have high mortality rates. Both MI and CHF are characterized by cardiac muscle damage caused by massive cardiomyocyte death and reduced cardiac function. Cellular therapy aimed at using cells to improve cardiac function and/or regenerate new myocardium, has been extensively investigated for cardiac repair. Two strategies have been currently taken for cellular transplantation, including in situ cellular cardiomyoplasty and cardiac tissue engineering. The in situ cellular cardiomyoplasty strategy delivers cells directly into the infarcted myocardium. A variety of cell types has been shown to be beneficial in cardiac repair. However, this strategy is limited in terms of cell retention, survival of the engrafted cells, cell differentiation, and integration of transplanted cells with host tissue. Cardiac tissue engineering is an alternate strategy to in situ cellular cardiomyoplasty, which is designed to repair infarcted myocardium using cells, biomaterials and regulative factors (for example growth factors). There are currently various approaches for cardiac tissue engineering, such as, in situ delivering cells with injectable biomaterials into the infarcted myocardium, in vitro engineering of contractile tissue constructs followed by in vivo implantation, in vitro engineering of stem cell loaded tissue constructs for in vivo myocardium regeneration, and cell sheet tissue engineering. This review provides a comprehensive progress of in situ cellular cardiomyoplasty and cardiac tissue engineering for cardiac repair.
心脏病包括心肌梗死（MI）和充血性心力衰竭（CHF），死亡率很高。MI 和 CHF 的特征均为大量心肌细胞死亡和心脏功能降低导致的心肌损伤。细胞疗法旨在利用细胞改善心脏功能和/或再生新的心肌，已被广泛研究用于心脏修复。目前有两种细胞移植策略，包括原位细胞心肌成形术和心脏组织工程。原位细胞心肌成形术策略将细胞直接输送到梗死的心肌中。已经证明多种细胞类型对心脏修复有益。然而，这种策略在细胞保留、移植细胞的存活、细胞分化以及与宿主组织的整合方面存在局限性。心脏组织工程是原位细胞心肌成形术的替代策略，旨在使用细胞、生物材料和调节因子（例如生长因子）修复梗死的心肌。目前有多种心脏组织工程方法，例如将可注射生物材料中的细胞原位递送至梗死的心肌中、体外工程化收缩组织构建体，然后进行体内植入、体外工程化干细胞负载的组织构建体用于体内心肌再生，以及细胞片层组织工程。本文综述了用于心脏修复的原位细胞心肌成形术和心脏组织工程的全面进展。
