Evans J W, Chang J A, Giaccia A J, Pinkel D, Brown J M
Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305.
Br J Cancer. 1991 Apr;63(4):517-21. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1991.123.
The technique of fusing mitotic cells to interphase cells, thereby producing condensation of the chromosomes of the interphase cell (so-called 'premature chromosome condensation' or PCC), has allowed detection of the initial number of chromosome breaks and their repair following ionising radiation. However, the difficulty and tedium of scoring all the chromosome fragments, as well as the inability to readily detect exchange aberrations, has limited the use of PCC. We describe here the use of the recently developed technique of fluorescence in situ hybridisation with whole chromosome libraries to stain individual human chromosomes (also called 'chromosome painting') with the PCC's and show that this overcomes most of the limitations with the analysis of PCC's. First, by focusing on a single chromosome, scoring of breaks in the target chromosome is easy and rapid and greatly expands the radiation dose range over which the PCC technique can be used. Second, it allows the easy recognition of exchange type aberrations. A number of new applications of this technology, such as predicting the radiosensitivity of human tumours in situ, are feasible.
将有丝分裂细胞与间期细胞融合，从而使间期细胞的染色体发生凝聚（即所谓的“早熟染色体凝聚”或PCC）的技术，已能够检测电离辐射后染色体断裂的初始数量及其修复情况。然而，对所有染色体片段进行计数既困难又繁琐，而且无法轻易检测到交换畸变，这限制了PCC的应用。我们在此描述使用最近开发的用全染色体文库进行荧光原位杂交的技术，用PCC对单个人类染色体进行染色（也称为“染色体涂染”），结果表明这克服了PCC分析中的大多数局限性。首先，通过聚焦于单一染色体，对目标染色体上的断裂进行计数既简便又快速，并且极大地扩展了可使用PCC技术的辐射剂量范围。其次，它使得能够轻松识别交换型畸变。这项技术的一些新应用，例如原位预测人类肿瘤的放射敏感性，是可行的。
