Guy Richard H
Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA27AY, UK.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2010(197):399-410. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-00477-3_13.
Transdermal drug delivery is a validated technology contributing significantly to global pharmaceutical care. Since 1980, impressive growth in this field has been observed with many commercial successes; importantly, a new chemical entity was recently developed and approved for transdermal administration without having first been given as an injectable or oral dosage form. The progress achieved has been based on the clearer understanding of skin barrier function, and of the physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and physiological factors which underpin the feasibility of transdermal administration. Novel, non-invasive approaches to enhance and control drug transport across the skin are under intensive investigation, and some technologies, e.g. iontophoresis, have reached true maturity. The "local", subcutaneous delivery of drugs (for example, to underlying muscle and other tissues) is gaining increasing acceptance, and new opportunities in this under-subscribed area may be envisaged.
经皮给药是一项经过验证的技术，对全球药物治疗做出了重大贡献。自1980年以来，该领域取得了令人瞩目的增长，并取得了许多商业上的成功；重要的是，最近开发并批准了一种新的化学实体用于经皮给药，而无需首先制成注射剂或口服剂型。所取得的进展基于对皮肤屏障功能以及支撑经皮给药可行性的物理化学、药代动力学和生理因素的更清晰理解。新型、非侵入性增强和控制药物经皮转运的方法正在深入研究中，一些技术，如离子电渗疗法，已真正成熟。药物的“局部”皮下给药（例如，给药至深层肌肉和其他组织）越来越被接受，并且可以设想在这个尚未得到充分关注的领域会有新的机遇。
