Coastal-Marine Research Group, Institute of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 102 904, North Shore MSC, New Zealand.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2010 Jun;60(6):834-42. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.01.009. Epub 2010 Mar 11.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticide levels were determined in blubber samples collected from stranded and incidentally by-caught Hector's (Cephalorhynchus hectori hectori) and Maui's (Cephalorhynchus hectori maui) dolphins from New Zealand waters between 1997 and 2009. PCBs (45 congeners) and a range of OC pesticides including dieldrin, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), along with its metabolites DDE and DDD were determined. OC pesticides dieldrin, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDT were present at the highest concentrations. Sum DDT concentrations ranged from 93.7 to 8210 (Mean=1358, S.D=1974) and 252.4 to 57,390 (Mean=12,389, S.D=18,161)microg/kg wet weight in females and males, respectively. Similarly, Sigma45CB concentrations ranged from 45.5 to 981.3 (Mean=333.2, S.D=265.8) and 60.5 to 5574 (Mean=1833, S.D=1659)microg/kg wet weight in females and males, respectively. The transfer of SigmaDDTs and summed PCBs (both as SigmaICES7CBs and Sigma45CBs) between a pregnant female and her unborn fetus was calculated at 5.7% and 4.3%, respectively. As the fetus was close to term, this likely represents the degree of placental transfer. Concentrations of OC pesticides determined in the present study are higher than those previously reported for Hector's dolphins. Sum DDT and DDE/SigmaDDT levels calculated reveal New Zealand's legacy of DDT usage, particularly off the east coast of the South Island.
多氯联苯（PCBs）和有机氯（OC）农药水平在 1997 年至 2009 年间从新西兰水域搁浅和偶然误捕的赫克托氏海豚（Cephalorhynchus hectori hectori）和毛伊氏海豚（Cephalorhynchus hectori maui）的鲸脂样本中进行了测定。测定了 PCBs（45 种同系物）和一系列 OC 农药，包括狄氏剂、六氯环己烷（HCH）和滴滴涕（DDT）及其代谢物 DDE 和 DDD。OC 农药狄氏剂、p,p'-DDE、p,p'-DDD 和 p,p'-DDT 浓度最高。雌性个体中总滴滴涕浓度范围为 93.7 至 8210（平均值=1358，标准差=1974），雄性个体中总滴滴涕浓度范围为 252.4 至 57390（平均值=12389，标准差=18161）μg/kg 湿重。同样，雌性个体中 Sigma45CB 浓度范围为 45.5 至 981.3（平均值=333.2，标准差=265.8），雄性个体中 Sigma45CB 浓度范围为 60.5 至 5574（平均值=1833，标准差=1659）μg/kg 湿重。在一个怀孕的雌性和她未出生的胎儿之间，SigmaDDTs 和总和 PCBs（均为 SigmaICES7CBs 和 Sigma45CBs）的转移分别为 5.7%和 4.3%。由于胎儿接近足月，这可能代表胎盘转移的程度。本研究中测定的 OC 农药浓度高于以前报道的赫克托氏海豚的浓度。计算得出的总和 DDT 和 DDE/SigmaDDT 水平揭示了新西兰滴滴涕使用的遗留问题，特别是在南岛东海岸。
