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寄生虫在土壤和狗粪便中的流行情况,依据诊断检测结果。

Prevalence of parasites in soil and dog feces according to diagnostic tests.

机构信息

Curso de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, BR 465, km 7, Seropédica, RJ, CEP 23.890-000, Brazil.

出版信息

Vet Parasitol. 2010 May 28;170(1-2):176-81. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.02.007. Epub 2010 Feb 18.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of parasites in soil and dog feces according to diagnostic tests. We studied soil from 25 public squares in Seropédica, Brazil. Five samples of soil were collected from each square. Eighty-one fresh fecal samples from dogs were analyzed. The technique described by Dunsmore et al. and an adaptation of the Rugai et al. method were used to recover parasites in soil, and the Willis, Hoffman and Centrifugal-Flotation techniques were used to detect parasites in feces. The chi(2) and Fischer's exact tests were used to analyze the statistical significance of the results. Seven squares were found to be contaminated, and the most prevalent parasites were Ancylostoma spp. (13.6%) and Toxocara spp. (4.0%). The Dunsmore et al. technique and the adaptation of the Rugai et al. method did not differ in the detection of Toxocara spp. (p=0.21), Trichuris spp. (p=0.25), Ascaris spp. (p=0.49) and Strongyloides spp. (p=0.49) in soil. However, the two methods differed in the detection of Ancylostoma spp. eggs (p=0.029) and larvae (p=0.001). According to granulometric analysis, the soil samples consisted mainly of sand (from 96.6% to 82.8%). Parasites were detected in 75 fecal samples, the most frequent being Ancylostoma spp. (80.1%), Toxocara spp. (11.1%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (7.4%). There was no difference between the Willis and Centrifugal-Flotation techniques in the detection of Ancylostoma spp., and both techniques were better than the Hoffman technique for detecting this parasite in feces. The Hoffman and Centrifugal-Flotation techniques were different (p=0.03) in Toxocara spp. detection. No difference was observed among these three for Cryptosporidium spp. detection. The prevalences of zoonotic parasites in both dog feces and soil have implications for the spread of human disease in these areas.

摘要

本研究旨在通过诊断检测确定土壤和狗粪便中寄生虫的流行率。我们研究了巴西塞罗佩迪卡的 25 个公共广场的土壤。每个广场采集了 5 份土壤样本。分析了 81 份来自狗的新鲜粪便样本。采用邓斯莫尔等人描述的技术和鲁盖等人方法的改编版来回收土壤中的寄生虫,采用威利斯、霍夫曼和离心浮选技术来检测粪便中的寄生虫。采用卡方检验和 Fisher 精确检验分析结果的统计学意义。发现有 7 个广场受到污染,最常见的寄生虫是Ancylostoma spp.(13.6%)和 Toxocara spp.(4.0%)。邓斯莫尔等人的技术和鲁盖等人方法的改编版在检测 Toxocara spp.(p=0.21)、Trichuris spp.(p=0.25)、Ascaris spp.(p=0.49)和 Strongyloides spp.(p=0.49)方面没有差异土壤中的寄生虫。然而,这两种方法在检测 Ancylostoma spp. 卵(p=0.029)和幼虫(p=0.001)方面存在差异。根据粒度分析,土壤样本主要由沙子组成(96.6%至 82.8%)。在 75 份粪便样本中检测到寄生虫,最常见的是 Ancylostoma spp.(80.1%)、Toxocara spp.(11.1%)和 Cryptosporidium spp.(7.4%)。威利斯和离心浮选技术在检测 Ancylostoma spp. 方面没有差异,这两种技术都优于 Hoffman 技术在粪便中检测这种寄生虫。Hoffman 和 Centrifugal-Flotation 技术在检测 Toxocara spp. 方面存在差异(p=0.03)。这三种技术在检测 Cryptosporidium spp. 方面没有差异。狗粪便和土壤中动物源性寄生虫的流行率对这些地区人类疾病的传播有影响。

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