Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2012 Feb;59(1):23-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2011.01411.x. Epub 2011 May 12.
Several studies have demonstrated that the soil of public parks presents an important source of infection which has a significant impact on public health. Children are the main group affected by accidentally ingestion of contaminated soil. This study was performed in order to identify the presence of zoonotic parasites in dog and cat faecal and soil samples from public parks of Madrid, Spain. Six hundred twenty-five and seventy-nine soil and faecal samples (presumably from dogs and cats) respectively were collected from 67 parks. Intestinal parasites were identified in 27 parks (40.3%), which were contamined with Giardia sp. (19.4%), microsporidia (19.4%), Toxocara spp. (16.4%), Cryptosporidium sp. (6%), Entamoeba histolytica (3%) and Ancylostomidae (3%). Combinations of two or more intestinal parasites were found in 11 parks, and it was common to find Giardia and microsporidia together in samples. Intestinal parasites were detected in 18% (112/625) of soil samples. The most frequent parasite species found in the examined soil samples were Toxocara spp. (16.4%), followed by Giardia sp. (4.5%) and Strongyloides sp. larvae (3%). The zoonotic parasites found in the 79 faecal samples were Giardia sp. (17.7%), Cryptosporidium sp. (9%), E. histolytica (2.5%), Trichuris vulpis (1.3%), Toxascaris leonina (1.3%) and microsporidia spores (28%). Microsporidia characterization by amplification of DNA confirmed 10 samples as positive, eight for E. bieneusi and two for E. hellem by PCR. The role of those parasites in the environment are discussed.
多项研究表明，公共公园的土壤是重要的感染源，对公共卫生具有重大影响。儿童是意外摄入受污染土壤的主要受害群体。本研究旨在确定西班牙马德里市公共公园的狗和猫粪便和土壤样本中是否存在人畜共患寄生虫。从 67 个公园中分别采集了 625 份和 799 份土壤和粪便样本（推测来自狗和猫）。在 27 个公园（40.3%）中发现了肠道寄生虫，这些公园受到了贾第虫属（19.4%）、微孢子虫（19.4%）、旋毛虫属（16.4%）、隐孢子虫属（6%）、溶组织内阿米巴（3%）和类圆线虫属（3%）的污染。在 11 个公园中发现了两种或两种以上肠道寄生虫的组合，并且在样本中常见到贾第虫属和微孢子虫一起存在。在 18%（112/625）的土壤样本中检测到了肠道寄生虫。在所检查的土壤样本中发现的最常见的寄生虫物种是旋毛虫属（16.4%），其次是贾第虫属（4.5%）和类圆线虫属幼虫（3%）。在 79 份粪便样本中发现的人畜共患寄生虫是贾第虫属（17.7%）、隐孢子虫属（9%）、溶组织内阿米巴（2.5%）、毛首线虫（1.3%）、猫弓首蛔虫（1.3%）和微孢子虫孢子（28%）。通过 DNA 扩增证实了 10 个样本为阳性，8 个样本为 E. bieneusi，2 个样本为 E. hellem，这些样本通过 PCR 检测。讨论了这些寄生虫在环境中的作用。
