Due P, Holstein B E, Ito H, Groth M V
Institut for Social Medicin, Københavns Universitet.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1991 Apr 1;153(14):984-8.
A total of 1,671 school children aged 11, 13 and 15 years answered a questionnaire on diet, other health behaviour, social background, social network, health and life satisfaction. The proportions who ate fruit, vegetables, and rye bread every day were 77%, 64% and 94%. Moreover, 78% had fibre-containing breakfast every day and 79% had a regular lunch meal every day. 26% of the children received an optimal diet containing all of these five components every day, and 19% received less than three of these components every day. The proportions who consumed five unhealthy diet components every day (candy, chips, French fries, sausages/hamburgers, and sweet longdrinks) were 32%, 12%, 5%, 5%, and 18%. 39% received at least one of these unhealthy diet components every day. There was no association between intake of healthy and intake of unhealthy diet components. We found no age differences among boys regarding the healthy diet components but an increasing consumption of unhealthy components with increasing age. Among girls we found a decreasing consumption of both healthy and unhealthy components with increasing age. Healthy diet was associated with high social class, good health, positive life satisfaction, positive school assimmilation, and positive health behaviour.
共有1671名11岁、13岁和15岁的在校儿童回答了一份关于饮食、其他健康行为、社会背景、社交网络、健康和生活满意度的问卷。每天吃水果、蔬菜和黑麦面包的比例分别为77%、64%和94%。此外，78%的儿童每天吃含纤维的早餐，79%的儿童每天有规律地吃午餐。26%的儿童每天摄入包含所有这五种成分的最佳饮食，19%的儿童每天摄入的成分少于三种。每天食用五种不健康饮食成分（糖果、薯片、薯条、香肠/汉堡和甜饮料）的比例分别为32%、12%、5%、5%和18%。39%的儿童每天至少摄入其中一种不健康饮食成分。健康饮食成分的摄入量与不健康饮食成分的摄入量之间没有关联。我们发现男孩在健康饮食成分方面不存在年龄差异，但随着年龄增长，不健康成分的消费量增加。在女孩中，我们发现随着年龄增长，健康和不健康成分的消费量都在下降。健康饮食与高社会阶层、良好健康状况、积极的生活满意度、积极的学校融入度和积极的健康行为相关。
