Schützwohl A
Universität Bielefeld.
Z Exp Angew Psychol. 1991;38(1):76-93.
In two experiments we investigated the relationship between subjective probability of success and pride and shame. According to Atkinson (1957), pride (the incentive of success) is an inverse linear function of the probability of success, shame (the incentive of failure) being a negative linear function. Attribution theory predicts an inverse U-shaped relationship between subjective probability of success and pride and shame. The results presented here are at variance with both theories: Pride and shame do not vary with subjective probability of success. However, pride and shame are systematically correlated with internal attributions of action outcome.
在两项实验中，我们研究了成功的主观概率与自豪和羞耻之间的关系。根据阿特金森（1957年）的观点，自豪（成功的动机）是成功概率的反线性函数，羞耻（失败的动机）是负线性函数。归因理论预测成功的主观概率与自豪和羞耻之间呈倒U形关系。这里呈现的结果与这两种理论都不一致：自豪和羞耻并不随成功的主观概率而变化。然而，自豪和羞耻与行动结果的内部归因存在系统性关联。
