Potocky M, Gerkovich M M, O'Connell K A, Cook M R
Midwest Research Institute, Kansas City Missouri 64110.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1991 Apr;59(2):351-3. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.59.2.351.
Previous investigations of smoking relapse crises have found limited within-subject consistency. Several investigators have suggested that greater consistency might be observed if situations were described phenomenologically. Reversal theory provides one phenomenological framework. Two relapse crises from each of 49 ex-smokers were compared, using reversal theory constructs. Maintaining abstinence in both crises was consistently associated with being in serious-minded (telic) and conformist states. Smoking in both crises was consistently associated with being in playful (paratelic) or negativistic states. Crises with different outcomes occurred in different state combinations. The findings suggest that coping strategies should be state-tailored for optimal effectiveness.
先前对吸烟复吸危机的调查发现，受试者内部的一致性有限。一些研究者认为，如果从现象学角度描述这些情况，可能会观察到更高的一致性。逆转理论提供了一个现象学框架。利用逆转理论结构，对49名前吸烟者每人经历的两次复吸危机进行了比较。在两次危机中保持戒烟状态始终与处于严肃认真（目的导向）和墨守成规的状态相关。在两次危机中吸烟始终与处于嬉戏（体验导向）或叛逆状态相关。不同结果的危机发生在不同的状态组合中。研究结果表明，应对策略应根据具体状态进行调整，以达到最佳效果。
